TITLE: Medicolegal Aspects
of Child Abuse.
AUTHOR: Myers, J. E. B.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Pacific
Univ., Sacramento, CA. McGeorge School of Law.
SOURCE: In: Reece, R. M.
(Editor). Treatment of Child Abuse: Common Mental Health, Medical, and Legal
Practitioners. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD., 2000; p. 36
ABSTRACT: Children
s statements during examinations and interviews have
forensic as well as medical significance. Under certain circumstances, the
child s statements are inadmissible as evidence, due to the hearsay rules of
evidence. There are, however, important exceptions. They include the excited
utterance exception, disclosure under the doctrine of fresh complaint,
statements made during diagnostic or treatment services, and the residual and
child hearsay exceptions. Interviewing techniquesmust include the avoidance of
suggestive or leading questions. Confidentiality and privileged communication
have well-defined boundaries, and child abuse reporting laws override
confidentiality and privilege. A professional called upon to appear in court as
an expert witness should review only those portions of the record needed for the
testimony and should document the parts of the record reviewed. Privileged and
nonprivileged materials should be separated in the record. If one takes the
record tocourt, limit what is taken to the intended testimony. If possible, do
not take the record to the witness stand, and if it is taken, refer to it only
if necessary. Expert testimony usually takes one of three forms: an opinion, an
answer to a hypotheticalquestion, or a lecture providing information to the
judge or jury. Be prepared for cross-examination, understanding that the
defense attorney will try to raise doubts about the expert testimony. This is
done by trying to limit the expert s ability to explain, by undermining the
expert s assumptions, by impeaching the expert with a learned treatise, or by
raising the issue of the expert s bias toward the prosecution. 33 references.
(Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: medical
aspects of child abuse; physicians
role; legal processes; expert testimony; expert witnesses; rules
of evidence; hearsay rule; confidentiality
PUBLICATION TYPE: Chapter
in Book
INTERNET URL: http://www.press.jhu.edu
TITLE: Social Support and
the Relationship Between Family and Community Violence Exposure and
Psychopathology Among High Risk Adolescents.
AUTHOR: Muller, R. T.; Goebel-Fabbri, A. E.; Diamond, T.; Dinklage, D.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: York
Univ., Toronto, ON (Canada). Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 24(4): pp.
449-464; Elsevier Science Ltd., New
York, NY., April 2000; p. 170
ABSTRACT: The
objective of this study was to examine the protective effect of social support
in the relationship between exposure to violence and psychopathology. Exposure
to violence in the family and exposure to violence in the community were
examined separately. Exposure to violence was further divided according to
whether violence was experienced as a victim or as a witness. Internalizing and
externalizing forms of psychopathology, as well as post-traumatic stress
symptomatology were measured. Participants consisted of 65 high-risk
adolescents admitted consecutively to psychiatric inpatient units. Data were
collected by means of individual interviews,
self-report questionnaires, and hospital charts. Social support emerged as a
protective factor with respect to the maladaptive effects of family violence,
experienced as either a victim or as a witness. In contrast, social support did
not appear to buffer the maladaptive effects of community violence, regardless
of whether violence was experienced as a victim or as a witness. In fact, the
relationship between community violence and psychopathology was found to be
generally nonsignificant regardless of social support status. These findings
suggest that exposure to family violence may affect development differently
than exposure to community violence, allowing social support to effectively
buffer the effects of family, but not community, violence. This finding
highlights the importance of examining violence exposure that occurs within the
family separately from violence exposure that occurs within the community. 58
references and 10 tables.
KEY TERMS: adolescents; psychopathology; sequelae; community
violence; family violence; social isolation; resilience; child
witnesses of family violence
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Revealing the
Existence of Child Abuse in the Context of Marital Breakdown and Custody and
Access Disputes.
AUTHOR: Brown, T.; Frederico, M.; Hewitt, L.; Sheehan, R.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Monash
Univ., Clayton, VIC (Australia). Dept. of Social Work and Human Services.
SOURCE: 24(6): pp.
849-859; Elsevier Science, Ltd., New
York, NY., June 2000; p. 201
ABSTRACT: This
article presents the findings of a study of how the Family Court of Australia
dealt with child abuse allegations in custody and visitation cases. The study
sought to discover who were the families bringing these problems to family
courts, what precisely the abuse was and how the courts managed the cases. Data
were collected from a review of the court records of approximately 200 families
where child abuse allegations had been made in custody and access disputes,
observations of court proceedings, and interviews
with court and related services staff. The findings showed that these cases had
become a core component of the court s workload without any public or professional
awareness of this change; that the abuse was real; that it was severe and
serious; and that the courts and child protection services did not provide
appropriate services to the families. Based on these results, a new specialized
intervention system was developed that may be suitable internationally for
implementation. 28 references and 4 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: custody
disputes; visiting privileges; disclosure;
divorce; marital conflicts; courts role; australia; prevalence
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Characteristics,
Experiences, and Outcomes of Adolescents Served in Long-Term Foster Care.
AUTHOR: Downs, A. C.; Wolf, M.;
Pecora, P. J.; Williams,
J.; Dye, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Casey
Family Program, Seattle, WA.
SOURCE: Presented at:
Society for Research in Adolescence Biennial Meeting, Chicago, IL., March
30-April 2, 2000; p. 203
ABSTRACT: Pre-care,
care, and initial post-care characteristics of 1,611 individuals who received
long-term foster care through The Casey Family Program from 1966-1998 were
investigated using in-depth case record reviews. The findings suggested that
services provided during foster care were directly related to the severity of pre-care
maltreatment, with more abuse leading to more services. The findings also
indicate that some services were directly related to more positive outcomes at
case closure; specifically, independent living and employment experiences were
related to attainment of high school diploma or GED. A historical analysis of
services over a 33 year period indicated that in recent years, youth served
were more likely to come from abusive backgrounds filled with family violence
and caregiver substance abuse. In recent years, youths were more likely to be
placed in kinship foster care and were more likely to receive an array of
specialized services (e.g., mental health care). These results will be
supplemented by interviews with alumni who consent to be interviewed
in a subsequent study. 2 references and 12 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: foster
care research; outcomes; long term foster care; adolescents; sequelae; individual
characteristics; service delivery; program evaluation
PUBLICATION TYPE: Proceedings
Paper
INTERNET URL: http://www.casey.org
TITLE: Permanent Family
Placement for Children of Minority Ethnic Origin.
AUTHOR: Thoburn, J.; Norford, L.; Rashid, S. P.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: East
Anglia Univ., Norwich (United Kingdom). Centre for Research on the Child and
Family.
SOURCE: Jessica Kingsley
Publishers, London (United Kingdom)., June 2000; p. 245
ABSTRACT: This
book reports the findings of a longitudinal study of the development of ethnic
identity in minority children placed in foster care and adoption. Case records
of 297 children placed in foster care or adoption were reviewed, and interviews were conducted with 51 families 10-15 years after
placement. The goals of the research were to describe the experiences of
children and parents within the newly created families and to identify
differences in the parenting strategies of white and minority ethnic parents.
At the time of the study, 24 percent of placements had broken down.
Correlations with placement disruption included history of deprivation or abuse
before placement; older age of child at time of placement; and behavior
problems of the child at placement. There was no relationship between family
variables (matched or transracial placment) and placement outcomes. However, interviews with children and parents revealed higher levels of stress
among transracially placed children because of their separation from their
ethnic and cultural identity. In addition to the usual responsibilities of
adoptive and foster parents to each the transition into the new family, white
parents faced additional stress related to meeting their children s needs for
integration with their heritage. Numerous references, 15 figures, and 33
tables.
KEY TERMS: permanency
planning; minority adoption; minority groups; ethnic studies;
transracial adoption;
transracial foster care;
outcomes; longitudinal studies
PUBLICATION TYPE: Book
INTERNET URL: http://www.jkp.com
TITLE: Evaluation of the
London (Ontario) Community Group Treatment Programme for Children Who Have
Witnessed Woman Abuse.
AUTHOR: Suderman, M.; Marshall, L.; Loosely, S.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Journal
of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Thames
Valle District School Board, London, ON (Canada).
SOURCE: 3(1): pp.
127-146; Haworth Press, Inc.,
Binghamton, NY., 2000; p. 254
ABSTRACT: This
article describes a community group model of intervention for children exposed
to woman abuse, and an evaluation approach used to assess the impact of such
groups. The collaborative development of the questionnaire-interview evaluation instruments for this purpose
is described, and the set of instruments is presented in its entirety. The main
instrument was tailored to the content of the groups and covers topics such as
definitions and understanding of abuse, safety skills, beliefs and attitudes
about abuse, perceived responsibility for abuse, alternatives to violence,
non-violent conflict resolution strategies, and help-seeking skills. Both
closed-ended and open-ended questions are employed. Separate questionnaires
assess consumer (mother or caregiver and child) satisfaction and feedback. The
results of a study evaluating the groups are described, which showed positive
changes from pre to post intervention, as well as a high degree of satisfaction
among children and mothers with regard to the groups. 17 references. (Author
abstract)
KEY TERMS: program
evaluation; child witnesses of family
violence; group therapy; therapeutic effectiveness; community intervention projects; assessment;
program models; canada
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.haworthpressinc.com
TITLE: Tips for
Investigating Child Fatalities.
AUTHOR: Lee, D.; May, J.;
O'Keefe, E.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Update
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: American
Prosecutors Research Institute, Alexandria, VA. National Center for Prosecution
of Child Abuse.
SOURCE: 13(1): pp.
1-2; American Prosecutors Research
Institute, Alexandria, VA. National Center for Prosecution of Child Abuse.,
2000; p. 268
ABSTRACT: This
article provides checklists for the investigation of child fatalities.
Suggestions are presented for identifying and interviewing witnesses, examining
the suspected crime scene, creating a timeline of the child s last hours or
days, and analyzing data. Potential witnesses include the medical professionals
who treated the child, emergency personnel, patrol officers, parents,
caregivers, and neighbors. After hearing the parents explanation of the child s
death, investigators should specifically seize the object involved in the child
s death, clothes and diapers of the child, the caretakers clothes, bottles and
food containers, poisons and medicines, home videos and photographs, and
medical records. The timeline will clarify the progression of the events that
lead to the child s death and the veracity of the caretaker s explanation.
KEY TERMS: investigations; child fatalities; interviews;
protocols; guidelines; police operating procedures; police responsibility; police role
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Assessing the Value
of Structured Protocols for Forensic Interviews of
Alleged Child Abuse
AUTHOR: Orbach, Y.; Hershkowitz, I.; Lamb, M. E.; Sternberg,
K. J.; et al.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: National
Institute of Child Health and Human Development (DHHS), Bethesda, MD.
SOURCE: 24(6): pp.
733-752; Elsevier Science, Ltd., New
York, NY., June 2000; p. 273
ABSTRACT: This
study evaluated the effectiveness of the National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development Investigative Interview
Protocol, a structured protocol of universally recommended guidelines for
forensic interviews. The protocol was designed to maximize
the amount of information obtained using recall memory probes, which are likely
to elicit more accurate information than recognition memory probes. Forensic
investigators were trained to use the protocol while conducting
feedback-monitored simulation interviews.
The utility of the protocol was then evaluated by comparing 55 protocol interviews with 50 prior interviews by
the same investigators, matched with respect to characteristics likely to
affect the richness of the children's accounts. The comparison was based on an
analysis of the investigators' utterance types, distribution, and timing, as
well as quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the information
produced. As predicted, protocol interviews
containedmore open-ended prompts overall as well as before the first
option-posing utterance than non-protocol interviews did. More details were obtained using open-ended invitations and
fewer were obtained using focused questions in protocol interviews than in non-protocol interviews, although the total number of details elicited did not differ
significantly. In both conditions, older children provided more details than
younger children did. The findings confirmed that implementation of
professionally recommended practices affected the behavior of interviewers in
both the pre-substantive and substantive phases of their interviews and enhanced the quality (i.e., likely accuracy) of
information elicited from alleged victims. 101 references and 6 tables.(Author
abstract)
KEY TERMS: interviews;
investigations; child
witnesses; protocols; validity;
sexual abuse; measures
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Family Decision
Meeting Project.
INST. AUTHOR: Portland
State Univ., OR. Child Welfare Partnership.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
SOURCE: Portland State
Univ., OR. Child Welfare Partnership., 2000;
p. 278
ABSTRACT: Participants
in 26 Family Unity Meetings in Oregon were interviewed before and after their
meetings to determine the satisfaction of families with the family group
decision making process and best practices for facilitation. In additionto interviews with caseworkers and birth parents, data were collected
from observations of meetings and written evaluations. Findings revealed that
the needs of the family were best addressed when more family members attended
the meetings. However, family members did not realize that non-relatives who
could also provide support could have also been invited. Barriers to attendance
included the schedules of providers, geographical distance for family members,
and employment. Several factors influenced the degree that family members
participated in the discussion, such as knowledge about the meeting process;
personal characteristics and comfort with speaking in the group; support for
their position; and efforts by providers to involve the family in the
conversation. Participants who were not willing to share information during the
meeting attributed their resistance to distrust of the system, intra-family
dynamics (loyalty, fear), legal implications, or confidentiality.
Recommendations for improving the process address preparation of participants,
meeting format, logistics (timing and location), clarification of the goal of
the meetings, and adequate facilitation. The Oregon model involves a series of
meetings, rather than one meeting endorsed by other family group approaches.
The series format promotes team building, accountability, management of
segments of the plan, and early identification of problems. 7 references and 10
tables.
KEY TERMS: decision
making; family group conferencing; program models; program evaluation; child
welfare research; oregon; qualitative research; case plans
PUBLICATION TYPE: Final
Report
INTERNET URL: http://www.fgdm.org/
TITLE: Linking Childhood
Sexual Abuse and Abusive Parenting: The Mediating Role of Maternal Anger.
AUTHOR: DiLillo, D.; Tremblay, G. C.; Peterson, L.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Missouri
Univ., Columbia. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 24(6): pp.
767-779; Elsevier Science, Ltd., New
York, NY., June 2000; p. 280
ABSTRACT: This
study had two primary objectives: first to examine the association between
childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and later parenting characteristics, particularly
physical abuse potential, and second, to explore maternal anger as a mediatorof
the relationship between CSA and adult physical abuse potential. The community
sample included 138 mothers classified as having experienced CSA and a
comparison group of 152 non-sexually abused mothers. Parenting variables
included the mothers physical abuse potential, nurturance toward their
children, unrealistic developmental expectations of children, as well as
frequencies of spanking and general punishment. Data was collected via interview and other self-report measures. Even after controlling for
mothers childhood experience of physical abuse, CSA significantly predicted
adult risk of physically abusing one s own children. Further, maternal anger
was confirmed as a mediator of the relationship between having been sexually
abused as a child and the potential for physically abusing one s own children.
CSA may be a risk factor for subsequent physically abusive parenting, while
anger appears to play a significant role in mediating this relationship.
Findings are discussed in the context of current knowledge concerning the impact
of child sexual abuse and the processes contributing to abusive parenting. 48
references, 1 figure, and 4 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: sexual
abuse; adults abused as children; parental behavior; risk factors; child abuse
research; anger; maternal behavior; characteristics of abuser
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Domestic Violence
in Child Welfare Preventative Services: Results From an Intake Screening
Questionnaire.
AUTHOR: Magen, R. H.; Conroy, K.;
Del Tufo, A.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Children
and Youth Services Review
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Alaska
Univ., Anchorage. Dept. of Social Work.
SOURCE: 22(3-4): pp.
251-274; Elsevier Science Ltd., New
York, NY., March-April 2000; p. 287
ABSTRACT: This
paper describes the results from a domestic violence screening questionnaire
implemented in neighborhood-based child welfare preventive service agencies.
The goal of these preventive services agencies is to avert the unnecessary
placement of children into foster care as well as to prevent child
maltreatment. The project described in this paper was designed to
systematically change the manner in which child welfare preventive service
agencies identified and worked with battered women. Components of the project
included recruitment of participant agencies; training of the workers in
domestic violence identification; and the use of a new screening questionnaire
during intake interviews with women clients. Findings indicated
that training enhanced identification; women appreciated being asked about
current and historical abuse; and that women felt better able to protect
themselves and their children after disclosure of domestic violence to the
worker. A secondary effect of the project was that child welfare agencies
developed specific services for batterers, battered women, and their children.
23 references and 5 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: battered
women; spouse abuse; child welfare services; assessment;
multiproblem families;
prevention programs;
identification; disclosure
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Helping
Substance-Abusing Mothers in the Child-Welfare System: Turning Crisis Into
AUTHOR: Sun, A.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Families
in Society
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Nevada
Univ. School of Social Work, Las Vegas. Greenspun Coll. of Urban Affairs.
SOURCE: 81(2): pp.
142-151; Families International, Inc.,
Milwaukee, WI., March-April 2000; p.
288
ABSTRACT: This
paper integrates in-depth interviews with eight mothers and existing relative
literature, explaining the recovery journey of substance-abusing mothers in the
child welfare system. The results show that these mothers longed for a
mainstream dream (a better life, meaningful relationships, and
self-actualization), perhaps because of, as well as for the sake of, their
children. However, for them to achieve their dreams, the support of various
external systems is necessary, treating mothers and children as one unit,
facilitating nonusing social networks, and providing case management and
life-skills training. Child protective service caseworkers can serve as key
persons to help these mothers turn crisis into opportunity. 36 references and 1
figure. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: child
welfare services; substance abusing
mothers; service delivery; family centered services; family support systems; service integration; case management; parent education
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.manticore.ca
TITLE: How Sexual Abuse Interviews Go Astray: Implications for Prosecutors, Police, and Child
Protection Services.
AUTHOR: Wood, J. M.; Garven, S.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Maltreatment
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Texas
Univ., El Paso. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 5(2): pp.
109-118; Sage Publications, Inc.,
Thousand Oaks, CA., May 2000; p. 304
ABSTRACT: This
article argues that child sexual abuse interviews can
go astray in two different ways: improper interviewing has the potential to
elicit false allegations from children and clumsy interviewing does not
typically produce false allegations, but may have other negative consequences,
particularly for child victims. The article clarifies the distinction between
the two kinds of bad interviewing and suggests that clumsy interviewing is the
more common of the two. The potential negative consequences of both improper
and clumsy interviewing are described, along with implications for prosecutors,
police, and child protection services. Improper interviewing can probably be
eliminated rather easily, but clumsy interviewing may be considerably more
resistant to change. 65 references. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: sexual
abuse; interviews;
investigations; child witnesses; sequelae;
leading questions; methods; false allegations
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Behavior Problems,
Academic Skill Delays and School Failure Among School-Aged Children in Foster
Care: Their Relationship to Placement Characteristics.
AUTHOR: Zima, B. T.; Bussing, R.; Freeman, S.; Yang,
X.; et al.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Journal
of Child and Family Studies
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: California
Univ., Los Angeles. Dept. of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences.
SOURCE: 9(1): pp.
87-103; Kluwer Academic-Human Sciences
Press, Dordrecht (The Netherlands0., March 2000; p. 310
ABSTRACT: This
article describes the level of behavior problems, academic skill delays, and
school failure among school-aged children in foster care. It also examines how
behavior problems are associated with academic problems and explores how these
outcomes are related to children s placement characteristics. Foster parent and
child home interviews, as well as teacher telephone interviews were conducted from a randomly selected sample of 302
children aged 6 through 12 years living in out-of-home placement. Interviews included standardized screening measures. Results showed
that 27 percent of the children scored in the clinical range for a behavior
problem, and 34 percent were rated as having at least one behavior problem in
the classroom. Twenty-three percent of the children had severe delays in
reading or math. Thirteen percent had repeated a grade and 14 percent had a
history of school suspension and-or expulsion. Behavior problems by foster
parent report were related to child suspension and-or expulsion from school,
but were not associated with severe academic delays or grade retention.
Placement characteristics were only sometimes related to these outcomes. Future
studies examining the mental health and educational needs of this population
should take into account the child s sociodemographic and placement
characteristics. 37 references and 4 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: behavior
problems; child behavior; foster children; foster care; foster care
research; academic achievement; school problems; academic ability
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.wkap.nl
TITLE: Dependency
Mediation: Help for Families and Courts.
AUTHOR: Thoennes, N.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Juvenile
and Family Court Journal
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Center
for Policy Research, Denver, CO.
SOURCE: 51(2): pp.
13-22; National Council of Juvenile and
Family Court Judges, Reno, NV., Spring 2000;
p. 334
ABSTRACT: The
findings of an evaluation of the dependency mediation program implemented by
Colorado s Fourth Judicial District are highlighted in this article. Data for
the evaluation were collected from interviews
with participants, and a reviewof case and court records. Initiated in 1995,
the dependency mediation program currently serves more than 400 court referred
cases. The average mediation meeting lasts about 1.8 hours and usually results
in consensus about a plan for placement and reunification. Mediation plans do
not differ from non-mediation plans regarding placement with relatives.
However, the mediation plans addresses visitation more frequently than the
plans developed without personal input. Although many professionals resisted
the use of mediation when it first began, most currently believe it to be the
most effective way to settle cases. Approximately 70 percent of cases sent to
mediation result in an agreement for child protection. The costs of cases
settled withoutmediation are an estimated 1.65 times the cost of mediation.
Further savings are realized from the avoidance of a two-day trial when cases
are resolved at mediation. 4 tables.
KEY TERMS: dependency
mediation; nonadversarial case
resolution; courts role; program models; program evaluation;
colorado; family
reunification; program costs
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://ncjfcj.unr.edu
TITLE: Using Video
Vignettes to Evaluate Children's Personal Safety Knowledge: Methodological and
Ethical Issues.
AUTHOR: Johnson, B.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: South
Australia Univ., Adelaide (Australia). Centre for Research in Education, Equity
and Work.
SOURCE: 24(6): pp.
811-827; Elsevier Science Ltd., New
York, NY., June 2000; p. 339
ABSTRACT: This
study aimed to assess children s personal safety knowledge by seeking their
responses to video-delivered simulations of child maltreatment. The article
describes the methodological and ethical difficulties encountered in the
research. The problems arose during several phases of consultation, the
refinement of an interview protocol to be used with the vignettes,
and during discussions over the ethical integrity of the research. Using
visually graphic vignettes to probe children s personal safety knowledge proved
to be methodologically difficult and ethically problematic and controversial.
The main objections to the approach were that it could harm participants, and
that parents needed extensive information about the study to exercise informed
consent. The study demonstrated the nature and extent of negotiations that were
needed to push the boundaries of evaluation research to develop more valid,
authentic, and complex ways of accessing children s thinking about personal
safety concepts and strategies. 33 references and 2 figures. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: personal
safety; assessment; videotaping; evaluation methods;
ethics; research methodology; child abuse research; primary prevention
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: The Unmet Health
Needs of America's Children.
AUTHOR: Newacheck, P.
W.; Hughes, D. C.; Hung, Y.;
Wong, S.; Stoddard, J. J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Pediatrics
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: California
Univ., San Francisco. Institute for Health Policy Studies.
SOURCE: 105(5): pp.
989-997; American Academy of
Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL., April 2000; p. 349
ABSTRACT: Unmet
need for health care is a critical indicator of access problems. Among
children, unmet need for care has special significance, as the failure to
obtain treatment can often affect health status in the near- and long-term.
This study presents current prevalence estimates and descriptive
characteristics of children with unmet needs using nationally representative
household survey data. The authors analyzed four years of National Health Interview Survey data spanning 1993 to 1996. Analysis included
97,206 children under the age of 18 years. They measured unmet need for medical
care, dental care, prescription medications and vision care. Bivariate and
multivariate analyses were used to assess the degree to which unmet need was
related to the demographic and socioeconomic status of the child and family.
Results indicated that 4.7 million, or 7.3 percent, of children in the United
States experienced at least one unmet health care need, of which dental care
was most prevalent. Children in poverty were nearly three times more likely to
have an unmet need; and uninsured children were also nearly three times more
likely to have an unmet need, compared with privately insured children.
Conclusions state that unmet needs remain prevalent among children, supporting
the need for public policy that addresses financial and nonfinancial barriers
to care to reduce the risk. Two figures; three tables; 18 references. (Author
abstract modified.)
KEY TERMS: barriers; health services; children;
adolescents; socioeconomic
status; data collection; data analysis; national surveys
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Criminal
Investigation of Child Sexual Abuse: A Comparison of Cases Referred to the
Prosecutor to Those Not Referred.
AUTHOR: Stroud, D. D.; Martens, S. L.; Barker, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: New
Mexico Univ., Albuquerque. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 24(5): pp.
689-700; Elsevier Science Ltd., New
York, NY., May 2000; p. 359
ABSTRACT: This
study sought to identify characteristics of child sexual abuse cases that
differentiate cases referred for criminal prosecution from those not referred.
Related research had indicated that sexually abused children not involved in
the criminal court process had experienced much greater distress, depression,
and anxiety and were more likely to have a family member as the alleged perpetrator.
The authors conducted an exploratory analysis of children who completed a
forensic interview to determine the differentiation in cases
that were referred to prosecution and those who were not. The study sample
consisted of 1,043 children, of which 587, or 56 percent, had cases referred
for criminal prosecution and 45, or 44 percent, did not. Differences between
criminal action and dropped cases were found in relation to the children (age,
sex, and ethnicity), the alleged offenders (age, sex, and relationship to
child), and the case characteristics (disclosure and injury to the child).
Conclusions suggest that due to the adversarial nature of the U.S. criminal
justice system, problems still exist when criminally prosecuting sexual abuse
charges, particularly when the offender involved is related to the victim.
Recommendations include that regular notification of criminal investigation
status be required to the children and families involved, in support of all
children involved in sexual abuse receiving a forensic interview. Three tables, one figure, 19 references.
KEY TERMS: investigations; sexual abuse; criminal justice system;
sampling studies; data analysis; courts;
child protective services;
families
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Findings From a UK
Based Study of Late Permanent Placements.
AUTHOR: Rushton, A.; Dance, C.;
Quinton, D.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Adoption
Quarterly
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Maudsley
Hospital, London (United Kingdom). Institute of Psychiatry.
SOURCE: 3(3): pp.
51-71; Haworth Press, Inc., Binghamton,
NY., 2000; p. 403
ABSTRACT: This
prospective, United Kingdom-based adoption study examined the first year of
placement of 61 boys and girls who joined permanent unrelated families during
middle childhood. Most of the children had experienced abuse, neglect and
discontinuity in their lives prior to this placement. The psycho-social functioning
of the children and the development of family relationships were assessed by
means of in-depth interviews with the new parents. High levels of
behavior problems were found in the children initially. About one-third of the
children showed a diminution of problems after placement, the remainder showed
few changes or deterioration. At the end of the first year, 72 percent of the
surviving placements were considered stable. An active rejection by birth
parents stood out as a particular risk to placement stability, especially when
accompanied by over active behavior and where new parents had difficulty in
maintaining warmth and sensitivity in their responses to the child in the early
months of placement. 27 references, 2 figures, and 3 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: great
britain; adoption research; child behavior; behavior problems;
adjustment problems;
outcomes; permanency
planning; adoption preservation
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.haworthpressinc.com
TITLE: Sexual Abuse
Characteristics Associated With Survivor Psychopathology.
AUTHOR: Ruggiero, K.
J.; McLeer, S. V.; Dixon, J. F.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: West
Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 24(7): pp.
951-964; Elsevier Science Ltd., New
York, NY., July 2000; p. 423
ABSTRACT: Eighty
sexually abused children were administered a structured diagnostic interview and a variety of rating-scale instruments designed to
examine predictors of psychopathology in non-clinically referred, sexually
abused children, ages 6-16 years, 30-60 days following abuse disclosure and
termination. Several forms of psychopathology were assessed, including
posttraumatic stress, global functioning, anxiety, depression, and
externalizing behavior. Abuse interviews
also were used to guide the collection of demographic (victim age, gender) and
abuse-related information (e.g., frequency of abuse). Abuse-related factors and
demographic variables accounted for greater than half of the variance
predicting global functioning, and accurately predicted posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) status for 86 percent of the participants. Also, analyses
yielded significant predictors of parent-reported attention problems and sexual
behavior. Of additional importance, none of the abuse-related and demographic
variables predicted scores on measures of general anxiety, depression, and
externalizing behavior. Specific demographic and sexual abuse information may,
to some extent, be used to identify children who are at increased riskfor
short-term post-abuse psychopathology. Although the present findings suggest
that such information may not be useful in the prediction of general anxiety,
depression, and externalizing behavior, demographic and abuse-related variables
importantly appear to account for significant variance in the prediction of
global functioning, posttraumatic stress, attentiveness, and sexual behavior.
Additional research is needed to improve mental health professionals' ability
to identify sexually abused children who are at high risk for psychopathology.
61 references and 1 table. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: sexual
abuse; psychopathology; predictor variables; sequelae;
posttraumatic stress disorder;
depression; child behavior; child abuse research
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: General
Practitioners and Child Protection Case Conference Participation: Reasons for
Non-Attendance and Proposals For a Way Forward.
AUTHOR: Polnay, J. C.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse Review
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Nottingham
City Hospital (United Kingdom).
SOURCE: 9(2): pp.
108-123; John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.,
Chichester, West Sussex (United Kingdom)., 2000; p. 448
ABSTRACT: General
practitioners' (GPs) attitudes about child protection case conferences were
explored in the belief that commonly cited practical reasons, such as
inconvenient timing, fail to provide a complete explanation for poor
participation. Twelve GPs took part in a preliminary investigation by telephone
interview and a postal questionnaire was then sent
to 112 GPs in the Nottingham area. The response rate was 100 percent for the
preliminary study and 82 percent for the questionnaire. The postal survey
showed that nearly half the respondents agreed there were too many other tasks
of higher priority than case conference attendance, confirming that previously
mentioned constraints alone did not account for poor participation. Contrary to
previous research, issues such as confidentiality and parental attendance do
not stop the majority of GPs from contributing. Suggestions that might improve
participation, such as facility to stay for the first half hour of a conference
and guidance on content of reports, had favorable responses. It was concluded
that it may be more fruitful to concentrate on improving report submission rate
and content because of GPs' priorities. Improved education of GPs and social
workers with respect to each other's role and responsibilities would facilitate
communication in case conferences. 25 references and 8 tables. (Author
abstract)
KEY TERMS: physicians
role; child protection; multidisciplinary teams; physicians attitudes; case plans;
great britain; child welfare
research
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.wiley.com
TITLE: Specialized
Assessments For Children in Foster Care.
AUTHOR: Horwitz, S.
M.; Owens, P.; Simms, M. D.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Pediatrics
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Yale
Univ., New Haven, CT. Dept. of Epidemiology and Public Health.
SOURCE: 106(1): pp.
59-66; American Academy of Pediatrics,
Elks Grove Village, IL., July 2000; p.
454
ABSTRACT: A
two-group quasi-experimental design was used to investigate the differences in
health problems identified and health services received by 62 children entering
foster care who participated in a comprehensive multidisciplinary program, and
58 children who received customary community-based services. Data were
collected during interviews with foster parents, complete medical
examinations, and a battery of developmental, psychological, speech/language,
and motor assessment for each childat baseline and in follow-up assessments at
6 and 12 months. No significant differences between the two groups were found
in medical, educational, developmental, or mental health problems identified by
foster mothers. However, children in the intervention group were more likely to
be identified with developmental and mental health problems by providers than
children in the comparison group. Children in the intervention group were also
more likely to be referred for health services at baselineand receive follow-up
care at 6 and 12 months of age than children in the comparison group. Findings
indicated that community providers identify medical and educational needs but
do not recognize developmental and mental health needs of young children newly
entering foster care. The discrepancies in the number of recommended services
and follow-up care between the two groups make a case for the establishment of
specialized services for children entering out-of-home care. 36 references and
6 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: foster
children; health services; intervention strategies; early intervention programs; medical evaluation; identification; diagnoses; child welfare
research
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.pediatrics.org
TITLE: Questioning the
Child Witness: What Can We Conclude From the Research Thus Far?
AUTHOR: Quas, J. A.; Goodman, G. S.; Ghetti, S.; Redlich, A.
D.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Trauma,
Violence, and Abuse
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: California
Univ., Irvine. Dept. of Psychology and Social Behavior.
SOURCE: 1(3): pp.
223-249; Sage Publications Inc.,
Thousand Oaks, CA., July 2000; p. 461
ABSTRACT: In
recent years increasing numbers of studies have investigated children's memory,
suggestibility, and false event reports. This article highlights key findings
from and implications of this research for interviewing child witnesses. First,
developmental changes in children s memory and suggestibility are discussed,
spanning from the early childhood years through middle childhood, suggesting
that the most consistent and robust predictor of differences in children's
performance is age. Second, theory and research concerning relations between
emotional distress and children's memory are reviewed, with an emphasis on
methodological differences that have led to varied results across studies and
sheds light on the degree to which emotional distress helps versus hinders
children ' memory and suggestibility. Third is a description of factors
associated with the context of an interview that
may influence children's susceptibility to false suggestions, in particular
discussing the implications of questioning tactics and contextual features of
forensic interviews. Fourth, recent studies are discussed
concerning individual differences in children's mnemonic capabilities,
suggestibility, and false memories. Finally, recommendations are provided about
what can and cannot be concluded from research on questioning child witnesses,
with an eye on aiding professionals in understanding the research and its
capabilities and limitations. Numerous references. (Author abstract modified.)
KEY TERMS: child
witnesses; research; false allegations; memory;
suggestibility; stress; risk factors; literature review
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.sagepub.com/
TITLE: Cultural Strengths
and Challenges in Implementing a System of Care Model in American Indian
Communities.
AUTHOR: Cross, T. L.; Earle, K.;
Solie, H. E. H.; Manness, K.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: National
Indian Child Welfare Association, Portland, OR.
SOURCE: Volume 1. American
Institutes for Research, Washington, DC. Center for Effective Collaboration and
Practice., 2000; p. 470
ABSTRACT: Reports
show that mental health services for American Indian children are inadequate
even though Indian children are known to have more serious mental health
problems than all other ethnic groups in the United States. This monograph
examines five American Indian children's mental health projects funded by the
Center for Mental Health Services. The goal of the projects was to examine
promising practice that implements traditional American Indian helping and
healing methods that are rooted in their culture, and represents the strength
and challenges of community-based service designs that draw on culture as a
primary resource. Pertinent literature is reviewed, suggesting that the
American Indian sites described here are not alone intheir pursuit of
culturally based mental health methods. As a framework, the authors use the
relational model often associated with the medicine wheel based on the
traditional American Indian worldview. It describes mental health as a balance
among context, mind, body, and spirit. Data from four of the five sites were
obtained from focus groups and key informant interviews; data from the other site were gathered from written materials.
In reviewing the responses of each site, several recurring themes were
identified; those themes revealed 18 identifiable promising practices that
address the integration of culture as a resource for helping children and their
families. Conclusions suggest that these community based, culturally rooted
programs, with 24-hour wraparound service availability, result in substantial
cost savings by preventing more costly out-of-home services. Numerous
references; two appendixes.
KEY TERMS: american
indians; cultural values; barriers;
program models; grants; mental health; wraparound services;
community based services
PUBLICATION TYPE: Technical
Report
INTERNET URL: http://cecp.air.org/
TITLE: Using Evaluation
Data to Manage, Improve, Market, and Sustain Children's Services.
AUTHOR: Woodbridge, M.
W.; Huang, L. N.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Georgetown
Univ., Washington, DC. National Technical Assistance Center for Children's
Mental Health.
SOURCE: Volume 2. American
Institutes for Research, Washington, DC. Center for Effective Collaboration and
Practice., 2000; p. 471
ABSTRACT: Providers
and evaluators of mental health services to children and their families are
often challenged by the task of translating evaluation findings into clear and
meaningful reports that can illustrate the resources, gaps, expenditures, and
outcomes of their programs. This monograph describes promising practices in the
use of evaluation data at cites funded by the federal Center for Mental Health
Services as part of the Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for
Children and their Families Program. The sites showcased in the monograph have
developed and implemented programs for at least five years as a requirement of
their federal funding. These sites have been deemed successful in going beyond
their funding obligations to become true data-driven systems committed to
gauging the effectiveness of their local services through data analysis,
instilling timely and consistent evaluation feedback mechanisms into their
practices, and responding to evaluation findings with data-based decision
making and system improvements. The research questions focused on the
experiences of multiple stakeholders with reporting and utilizing evaluation
data. Analysis of the interviews and evaluation products in the sites
reveal patterns in the establishment of support for evaluation and the use of
data. Recurring techniques to garner buy-in from multiple stakeholders and
establish an evaluation culture. Results of the study indicate that the utility
and effectiveness of evaluation feedback is intricately tied to the comprehensiveness
and complexity of the service delivery system; the integration of the
evaluation program with service delivery; the quality of the management
information system in place; and the political climate supporting child and
family services. Twenty-two exhibits; numerous references. Two appendixes.
KEY TERMS: evaluation
methods; data analysis; childrens services; service delivery; grants; outcomes; mental health; community based services
PUBLICATION TYPE: Technical
Report
INTERNET URL: http://cecp.air.org/
TITLE: Thinking Clearly
About Evaluations of Suspected Child Abuse.
AUTHOR: Leventhal, J. M.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Clinical
Child Psychology and Psychiatry
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Yale
Univ., New Haven, CT. Dept. of Pediatrics.
SOURCE: 5(1): pp.
139-147; Sage Publications, Inc.,
Thousand Oaks, CA., 2000; p. 481
ABSTRACT: Challenges
face professionals who determine whether an injury in a young child is due to
child abuse. Although much has been written about the types of injuries that
are due to abuse, little information is available about the processes of
gathering data and making clinical decisions. This article describes an
approach to providing effective evaluations and offers 14 suggestions focused on
the process of conducting an evaluation and eight focused on decision-making.
The 14 suggestions for conducting an evaluation are as follows: 1. Clarify who
you are (so that parents understand why you are conducting the evaluation. 2.
Arrange to have another clinician present at the interview of the parents. 3. Consider separate interviews of the parents, to get the parents' views of each other.
4. Listen to the parents' whole story. 5. Determine who was actually present at
the time of the injury. 6. Ask helpful questions designed to provide answers
about the parents' relationship. 7. Observe theeffect of the questions on the
behavior of parents. 8. Do not ignore the parent-child relationship. 9. A
single history can be repeated five times in the record. 10. Review the x-rays
with the attending radiologist. 11. Talk to the primary care clinician, who may
know the family well. 12. Meet with the clinicians caring for the child and
other consultants. 13. Keep the parents informed. 14. Do not ignore your own feelings
or those of your colleagues or staff. The eight suggestions for decision-making
are as follows: 1. Minor injuries in children are common, and not necessarily
indications of abuse. 2. Unusual events do happen to children, so automatically
disbelieving a story because it seems strange may not be the correct path. 3.
Others are often present when an accident occurs. 4. Be worried about abuse
when others are being blamed for causing the injuries. 5. Be worried about
abuse when the father cares for the child alone. 6. Be cautious when there is
an underlying medical problem, noting that pediatricians often make a single
diagnosis whenever possible. 7. Pay attention to the history so that the
details are understood and to the injuries because sometimes the words lie. 8.
You cannot be right every time. Eight references.
KEY TERMS: child
abuse; evaluation methods; decision making; injuries; clinical
methods training; guidelines; child protective services; professionals role
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.sagepub.com/
TITLE: The
Abuse-Perpetration Inventory: Development of an Assessment Instrument For
Research on the Cycle of Violence.
AUTHOR: Lisak, D.; Conklin, A.; Hopper, J.; Miller,
P.; et al.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Family
Violence and Sexual Assault Bulletin
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Massachusetts
Univ., Boston. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 16(1-2): pp.
21-30; Family Violence and Sexual
Assault Institute, San Diego, CA., Spring-Summer 2000; p. 491
ABSTRACT: Research
on the generational cycle of family violence is hampered by significant
methodological difficulties intrinsic to family violence research. The authors
note that the vast majority of both child abuse and interpersonally violent
acts are never reported, leave no archival trace, and involve only two
witnesses, the victim and the perpetrator. Thus, research on the cycle of violence
requires development of valid, self-report assessments of both childhood abuse
and of perpetration behaviors. This article details the development of an
abuse-perpetration inventory, a comprehensive self-report instrument that
assesses childhood sexual and physical abuse as well as four types of
perpetration in male subjects. The validity of the instrument has been
demonstrated through follow-up interviews
that indicate high cross-method concordance rates, and the results of six
studies in which abuse and perpetration have been associated with theoretically
predicted outcomes. One recommendationdictates that research on the hidden
nature of this type of violence exploring the link between victimization and
perpetration must ultimately rely on the self-reports of participation, which
in turn dictate the need for thorough and well-validated, self-administered
assessment instruments. Three tables; numerous references. (Author abstract
modified.)
KEY TERMS: generational
cycle of family violence; child abuse; perpetrators; research; self report
inventories; followup studies; predictor variables; outcomes
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.fvsai.org/
TITLE: Attachment Disorder
Behavior Following Early Severe Deprivation: Extension and Longitudinal
Follow-Up.
AUTHOR: O'Connor, T.
G.; Rutter, M.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Journal
of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Institute
of Psychiatry, London (England).
SOURCE: 39(6): pp.
703-712; Lippincott Williams and
Wilkins, Hagerstown, MD., June 2000; p.
497
ABSTRACT: The
objective of this article is to examine attachment disturbances and disorder in
a longitudinal study of children adopted in the United Kingdom following severe
early privation and in comparative sample of non-deprived, +; within-country,
early-placed adoptees. The study involved 165 children adopted from Romania and
52 children from the United Kingdom, who were assessed at age 6. Longitudinal
data (at ages 4 and 6) were available on 111 Romanian adoptees placed in U.K.
+; homes before 24 months of age and on all U.K. adoptees. Information on
attachment disorder was derived from a semi-structured interview with the parent; in addition, data on children's cognitive
and social development were assessed using standardized +; assessments.
Analyses revealed a close association between the duration of deprivation and
severity of attachment disorder behaviors. In addition, attachment disorder
behaviors were correlated with attentional and conduct problems and cognitive
level but+; nonetheless appeared to indicate a distinct set of symptoms and
behaviors. There was also marked stability in individual differences in
attachment disorder behaviors and little evidence of a mean decrease over this
two-year period. The findings offer +; construct validation for the attachment
disorder construct and highlight critical and conceptual questions that require
further research. Three tables; two figures; 28 references. (Author abstract
modified.)
KEY TERMS: attachment
disorder; child behavior; deprivation; longitudinal studies;
data collection; data
analysis; united kingdom; romania
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Assessing
Children's Experiences of Out-of-Home Care: Methodological Challenges and
AUTHOR: Berrick, J.
D.; Frasch, K.; Fox, A.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Social
Work Research
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: California
Univ., Berkeley. School of Social Welfare.
SOURCE: 24(2): pp.
119-127; National Association of Social
Workers, Inc., Washington, DC., June 2000;
p. 499
ABSTRACT: The
U.S. foster care system has undergone profound changes over the past decade,
with caseload growth, increases in the number of very young children entering
care, and problematic behaviors among some children. This article discusses +;
some of the methodological issues raised in a study conducted in California.
The sample included 100 children ages 6 to 13 residing in kinship or
non-kinship care for a minimum of six months. The study used face-to-face interviews with the children in +; the homes of their caregivers and
was built on the previous work by the investigator, which also involved interviews with the children's kin and non-kin foster parents. From
the interviews, three challenges emerged in conducting
research with children in+; foster care: 1) the recruitment of the study
sample; 2) development of the study instrument; and 3) selection and training
of interviewers. Potentially problematic methodological concerns are
highlighted, and a variety of strategies to minimize their +; effect are
suggested. Conclusions support the importance of working collaboratively with
social services agencies and the courts to overcome some of the obstacles faced
in research of foster care. Techniques must be devised and defined to gain
access to +; children in care and to incorporate their perspectives into the
research enterprise. Twenty-four references.
KEY TERMS: out-of-home
care; foster care; behavior problems; kinship care; service
delivery; research methodology; california;
data analysis
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.naswpress.org
TITLE: Expenditures on
Children by Families: 1999 Annual Report.
INST. AUTHOR: Department
of Agriculture, Washington, DC. Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
SOURCE: Department of
Agriculture, Washington, DC. Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion., March
2000; p. 507
ABSTRACT: The
U.S. Department of Agriculture provides this 1999 technical report on estimates
of annual expenditures on children from birth through age 17. Expenditures
estimated in the study are composed of direct parental expenses for seven +;
budgetary components: housing, food, transportation, clothing, health care,
childcare, and miscellaneous goods and services. Data used to estimate
expenditures on children are from the 1990-1992 Consumer Expenditure Survey Interview portion. The sample +; consisted of 12,850 husband-wife
households and 3,395 single parent households. Multivariate analysis was used
to estimate household and child-specific expenditures, controlling for income
level, family size, and age of the younger child. All data were +; converted to
1999 dollars. For two-child, husband-wife households, estimated expenses varied
considerably by household income level. Housing accounted for the largest share
across income groups, ranging from 33 percent to 37 percent of expenses; food
was+; the second-largest average expense, accounting for 15-20 percent of
child-rearing expenses. In single-family households, child-rearing expenses
were similar, but the primary difference was that the majority of single-parent
households are in lower +; income groups; also, in single-parent households
with two children, about 7 percent less is spent on the older child than on the
younger child. Eleven tables; 17 references; two appendixes.
KEY TERMS: federal
government; expenditures; data collection; data analysis; foster
care; state programs; subsidies;
families
PUBLICATION TYPE: Technical
Report
INTERNET URL: http://www.usda.gov/cnpp/
TITLE: Ethnicity and
Placement: Beginning the Debate.
AUTHOR: Small, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Adoption
and Fostering
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: West
Indies Univ., Jamaica.
SOURCE: 24(1): pp.
9-14; British Agencies for Adoption and
Fostering, London (England)., Spring 2000;
p. 520
ABSTRACT: This
article is based on an interview
with John Small, a lecturer in social work at the University of the West
Indies, Jamaica, on the importance of racial identity and the value of
placements with black caretakers. The interview +;
examines racial identity issues, discussing psychological research that shows
what constitutes self and how self-image is derivative of the messages obtained
from others. Identity issues in Jamaica are discussed, noting that there,
unlike the United +; Kingdom, the population has generally overcome
psychological messages based on colonial rule that tout the superiority of
whites and the inferiority of blacks. The merits of placements with black
caretakers and white caretakers are discussed, noting that+; white families are
generally not equipped to understand the history and conditions of blacks in
the United Kingdom. The reluctance in the U.K. to place black children with
black caretakers is examined, suggesting that racism, personal agendas, and
fear +; and guilt play major roles. Small suggests that the way forward is
multifaceted, requiring recruitment of black workers, panel members, and
caretakers, with black and white social workers working together for
institutional and political change, both to +; improve placement practice and
to eliminate racism. The restating of the original concepts that fueled the
placement of some black children with black caretakers both sets the record
straight and provides a basis for widening the debate. Ten +; references.
KEY TERMS: ethnic
identity; child placement; transracial adoption; social worker role; united kingdom; jamaica; racism; recruitment
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.baaf.org.uk
TITLE: Representing
Parents in Child Welfare Cases: A Basic Introduction For Attorneys.
AUTHOR: Rauber, D. B.; Granik, L. A.; Laver, M. R. (Editor)
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Law
Office of Wildhaber and Associates.
SOURCE: American Bar
Association Center on Children and the Law, Washington, DC. National Child
Welfare Resource Center on Legal and Judicial Issues., 2000; p. 541
ABSTRACT: These
guidelines provide a basic introduction to the legal representation of parents
during child protection proceedings. Attorneys for parents must defer to their
clients for major decisions, but are required to review all relevant +;
alternatives and related consequences. Representation is most effective when
the attorney seeks to be cooperative with the child welfare agency, rather than
obstruct their treatment attempts. This strategy is especially important to
resolve cases within +; the current timeframes mandated by the Adoption and
Safe Families Act. American Bar Association Model Rules state that attorneys
must conduct a comprehensive investigation, conduct a formal discovery when
necessary, interview and compel appropriate +; witnesses, and
continue until the case is resolved. The booklet outlines the specific
responsibilities during the pre-trial independent investigation, emergency
removal hearing, alternative dispute resolution, adjudication, disposition,
review hearings, +; permanency hearings, termination of parental rights, and
appeal. An extensive list of resources for more information is also provided. 1
figure.
KEY TERMS: lawyers
role; lawyers responsibility; parental advocacy; hearings; permanency
hearings; legal processes; alternative dispute resolution; guidelines
PUBLICATION TYPE: Book
INTERNET URL: http://www.abanet.org/
TITLE: Relationship to
Perpetrator and Posttraumatic Symptomatology Among Sexual Abuse Survivors.
AUTHOR: Lucenko, B.
A.; Gold, S. N.; Cott, M. A.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Journal
of Family Violence
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Nova
Southeastern Univ., Fort Lauderdale, FL. Center for Psychological Studies.
SOURCE: 15(2): pp.
169-179; Kluwer Academic-Plenum
Publishing, Dordrecht (The Netherlands)., June 2000; p. 557
ABSTRACT: This
study investigated the association of several dimensions of relationship to
perpetrator of childhood sexual abuse to posttraumatic symptomatology in
adulthood. A structured clinical interview, the
Impact of Event scale, and the +; TSC-40 were administered to 67 women
survivors seeking psychotherapy. The t-tests for significant differences
indicated that subjects whose perpetrators were not caretakers experienced
higher levels of posttraumatic symptomatology (PTS) in adulthood than+; those
abused by caretakers. No significant differences were found in traumatic
symptomatology between those whose perpetrators were family members and those
whose perpetrators were not or between those abused by someone in the home and
those abused by +; someone outside the household. Implications for future research
and clinical practice are explored. 30 references and 2 tables. (Author
abstract)
KEY TERMS: sexual
abuse; adults abused as children; sequelae;
posttraumatic stress disorder;
symptoms; incest; characteristics of abuser; child abuse research
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.wkap.nl
TITLE: Grandparent Caregivers'
Perception of the Stress of Surrogate Parenting.
AUTHOR: Sands, R. G.; Goldberg-Glen, R. S.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Journal
of Social Service Research
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Pennsylvania
Univ., Phildelphia. School of Social Work.
SOURCE: 26(3): pp.
77-95; Haworth Press, Inc., Binghamton,
NY., 2000; p. 558
ABSTRACT: This
paper examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors, stressors,
and resources, and the perception of stress by grandparents caring for their
grandchildren. A sample of 129 grandparents had face-to-face interviews. A +; hierarchical block regression analysis produced a
model that accounted for 49 percent of the variance. For the first block
(sociodemographic factors) younger age and being white were significant, but in
the context of the second block, these variables +; disappeared and being
employed, having conflict with the children's parent, and grandchild problems
were significant. The final block, in which resources were added, found that
being employed, having conflict with the children's parent, grandchild +;
problems, and lack of family resources were associated with high perception of
stress. These findings suggest strategies for social work intervention. 37
references and 3 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: grandparents; kinship care; parental stress; family
characteristics; child welfare
research; parental surrogates; stress;
demography
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.haworthpressinc.com
TITLE: Fetal Alcohol
Exposure and Adult Psychopathology: Evidence From an Adoption Study.
AUTHOR: Cadoret, R.
J.; Riggins-Caspers, K.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Iowa
Univ., Iowa City. Dept. of Psychiatry.
SOURCE: In: Barth, R. P.;
Freundlich, M.; and Brodzinsky, D. (Editors). Adoption and Prenatal Alcohol and
Drug Exposure: Research, Policy, and Practice. Child Welfare League of
America,, 2000; p. 608
ABSTRACT: The
relationship between fetal alcohol exposure and adult psychopathology was
explored in a comparison of 95 adopted adults whose birth parents were
classified as antisocial or addicted to drugs or alcohol and 102 adopted adults
withoutsuch family history. Measures included case record review for prenatal
fetal alcohol exposure and birth parent psychopathology, and interviews with adopted families about home factors and adoptee
behavior. The findings revealed that prenatal alcohol exposure was
significantly related to adult psychopathology, even after controlling for
adverse adoptive home environments, prenatal environmental risk, and other
genetic factors. Adoptees with a history of prenatal alcohol exposure and
adverse adoptive home environments were found to have two or three times as
many psychiatric symptoms as other adoptees. The symptoms most often included
substance abuse, antisocial personality, anxiety disorders, depression, and
personality disorder. These findings are consistent with the results of two
previous research studies. Limitations of the project are reviewed. 39
references, 6 figures, and 4 tables.
KEY TERMS: alcohol
related birth disorders; fetal alcohol
effect; fetal alcohol syndrome; lifelong impact; psychopathology; adopted
children; adopted adults; risk factors
PUBLICATION TYPE: Chapter
in Book
INTERNET URL: http://www.cwla.org
TITLE: Using a
Microanalysis of a Videotaped Interview to
Understand the Dynamics of a Grandparent-Headed Household.
AUTHOR: Sands, R. G.; Goldberg-Glen, R. S.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Pennsylvania
Univ., Philadelphia. School of Social Work.
SOURCE: In: Hayslip, B.;
Goldberg-Glen, R. (Editors). Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: Theoretical,
Empirical and Clinical Perspectives. Springer Publishing Co., Inc., New York,
NY., 2000; p. 626
ABSTRACT: A
microanalysis conducted of an interview in
which a custodial grandmother revealed that her husband is the father of one of
her grandchildren reveals clues about the grandmother's state of mind and her
feelings about caregiving. Researchers performed the microanalysis by reviewing
a videotape of the interview and noting the verbal as well as
nonverbal responses of the grandmother and the interviewer. In a previous
survey, the interviewee had expressed her displeasure with the custodial role.
The microanalysis provided the reasons for her attitude by finding that she
referred to the child as that instead of he and that the woman was previously
avoiding questions about her relationship with her husband. These findings
indicate that follow-up interviews may be needed to obtain more in-depth
information than can be collected in a written questionnaire. In addition,
interviewers should be trained to read clues that an interviewee is protecting
some key information about the family. 22 references and 2 tables.
KEY TERMS: kinship
care; grandparents; interviews; qualitative research; videotaping; research methodology;
data analysis; disclosure
PUBLICATION TYPE: Chapter
in Book
INTERNET URL: http://www.springerpub.com
TITLE: Global Connections:
A Passport Home. Adoption for U.S. Citizens Living Abroad.
INST. AUTHOR: Voice
for International Development and Adoption, Hudson, NY; Adoption Exchange, Denver, CO.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
SOURCE: Adoption Exchange,
Aurora, CO., 2000; p. 652
ABSTRACT: Domestic
and intercountry adoptions by United States citizens living abroad are more
complicated because of their distance from domestic adoption agencies and the
documentation required for adopting a child from a non-U.S. country. Thisguide
describes all aspects of the adoption processes in these situations, from
conducting research about adoption to the finalization of the placement. The
selection of an adoption agency, application, home study, referral, parenting
issues, documentation, and costs are discussed. The guide also reviews
immigration and citizenship issues for intercountry adoptions. Resources and
case studies of successful adoptions by U.S. citizens living abroad are
included.
KEY TERMS: intercountry
adoption; adoption guides; adoption process; adoption preparation; interviews; home study; military adoption; citizenship
PUBLICATION TYPE: Booklet
INTERNET URL: http://www.adoptex.org
TITLE: An Exploration of
Counselling Identity in Counsellors Who Deal With Trauma.
AUTHOR: Black, S.; Weinreich, P.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Traumatology
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Ulster
Univ., Newtonabbey (North Ireland).
SOURCE: 6(1): pp.
1-13; Green Cross Foundation,
Tallahassee, FL., 2000; p. 677
ABSTRACT: This
research explored some of the ways in which counselors construct their identity
when, in the aftermath of a traumatic event, they are exposed to the trauma of
their clients. The research investigated the impact of counseling traumatized
victims and the possible resulting experience of vicarious traumatization on
the sense of identity on those counselors using Identity Structure Analysis.
Semi-structured informal interviews together with IDEX (Identity Exploration
for Windows, V3.0) were used to analyze the issues of the impact of vicarious
traumatization on respondents interpersonal relationships, the reverberation
between previous traumatic experiences on current therapeutic practice, and how
the respondents professional orientation with regard to belief and value
systems was influenced upon exposure to the trauma of their clients. The
results show that vicarious traumatization has a marked impact on both
empathetic and conflicted identifications, that previous traumatic experiences
have both positive and negative influences on current therapeutic practice, and
that counselors are likely to experience shifts in their belief and value
systems as a consequence of trauma s after-shocks. The results have
implications for the caring professions, counselors who are involved in trauma
work, and managers who have responsibility for the supervision and care of
trauma counselors. 31 references and 5 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: counselors; worker client relationships; identity;
identity development; trauma; sequelae;
psychologists attitudes;
therapists
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.fsu.edu/~trauma/
TITLE: Adoption With
Contact: A Study of Adoptive Parents and the Impact of Continuing Contact With
Families of Origin.
AUTHOR: Sykes, M.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Adoption
and Fostering
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Wiltshire
Mental Health Care NHS Trust (United Kingdom).
SOURCE: 24(2): pp.
20-32; British Agencies for Adoption
and Fostering, London (United Kingdom)., 2000;
p. 735
ABSTRACT: Adoption
practice in the 1990s has seen a substantial increase in adoptive families
where there continues to be contact with families of origin. This study
examines the impact of contact experiences for adoptive parents at least two
years after placement. Thirty adoptive parents in 17 families completed a
written questionnaire about their experience and about half of the respondents
were interviewed for more information. The analysis of the narratives from the interviews considered the impact on parenthood, specifically themes
of control, entitlement to parent, communication, bonding, and ownership, as
well as the relationships between adoptive and birth parents. The findings
suggest that the passage of time and a greater sense of control assist in
establishing confidence, while adopters develop a more empathic view towards
birth mothers. This has emotional costs to the adoptive mother. The study
suggests that contact is more likely to be sustained where adoptive parents are
able to develop a coherence in their understanding of their own past
experiences. The implications for practice are discussed. 43 references.
(Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: adoption
research; post adoption contact; open adoption; sequelae; birth mothers; visitation;
emotional response; parental
attitudes
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.baaf.org.uk
TITLE: Early Sexual Abuse
and Lifetime Psychopathology: A Co-Twin-Control Study.
AUTHOR: Dinwiddie, S.; Heath, A. C.; Dunne, M. P.; Bucholz, K.
K.; et al.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Psychological
Medicine
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Finch
Univ., North Chicago, IL. Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.
SOURCE: 30(1): pp.
41-52; Cambridge Univ. Press, Oxford
(United Kingdom)., 2000; p. 748
ABSTRACT: This
study was designed to determine lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders
among twins who reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and to compare these rates
with those among non-abused co-twins. The contribution of familial and
individual-specific factors to reported sexual abuse was also examined.
Information about lifetime psychopathology and substance use was obtained by
structured telephone interviews with 5,995 Australian twins. Twins who
reported a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) were contrasted on lifetime
psychopathology with subjects without such as history; in addition, comparisons
were made between same-sex twin pairs discordant for CSA. A history of CSA was
reported by 5.9 percent of the women and 2.5 percent of the men. In the sample
as a whole, those reporting CSA were more likely to receive lifetime diagnoses
of major depression, conduct disorder, panic disorder, and alcoholism, and were
more likely to report suicidal ideation and a history of suicide attempt.
Abused women, but not men, were also more likely to report social phobia. When
comparisons were restricted to non-abused co-twins, no differences in
psychopathology were seen. However, rates of major depression, conduct disorder
and suicidal ideation were higher if both co-twins were abused than if the
respondent alone reported CSA. Model-fitting indicated that shared
environmental factors influenced risk for reported CSA in women, but not in
men. The association between CSA and psychopathology arises at least in part
through the influence of shared familial factors on both risk of victimization
and risk of psychopathology. 48 references, 1 figure, and 6 tables. (Author
abstract)
KEY TERMS: twin
studies; sexual abuse; adults abused as children; sequelae;
psychopathology; mental
disorders; risk factors; child abuse research
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.cup.org
TITLE: Abuse and Neglect
of Children With Disabilities: A Collaborative Response. A Curriculum for
Parents, Educators, Law Enforcement and Child Protective Services.
AUTHOR: O'Neill, P.; Purcell, P.; Orelove, F.; Shelton, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Virginia
Commonwealth Univ., Richmond. Partners Protecting Children With Disabilities
From Abuse and Neglect.
SOURCE: Virginia
Commonwealth Univ., Richmond. Partners Protecting Children With Disabilities
From Abuse and Neglect., October 2000;
p. 780
ABSTRACT: This
curriculum contains trainer's instructions and participant handouts for a
training program designed to promote collaboration among parents, educators,
and investigators for the prevention and identification of the abuse and
neglectof children with disabilities. The two-day program reviews the
prevalence of risk factors for abuse and neglect and strategies for responding
to suspicions of maltreatment. Communication skills are emphasized in breakout
sessions for investigators (child protective services and law enforcement
professionals) and educators and parents. Specific topics include person-first
language in references to individuals with disabilities; the emotional needs of
children with disabilities; cultural issues; consequences of maltreatment;
medical conditions that produce symptoms similar to abuse and neglect; the
dynamics of abuse and neglect; association between child maltreatment and
domestic violence; community resources; responsibilities of mandated reporters;
reporting procedures; resiliency skills training; positive behavioral support
techniques; developmentally appropriate interview
strategies; and considerations for determining competency for testimony.
KEY TERMS: professional
training; curricula; children with disabilities; interagency collaboration; child protective services; police training; school personnel; parent
education
PUBLICATION TYPE: Training
Material
INTERNET URL: http://www.vcu.edu/vidd/
TITLE: The Kempe Family
Stress Inventory: A Review.
AUTHOR: Korfmacher, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Colorado
Univ. School of Medicine, Denver. Kempe Children's Center.
SOURCE: 24(1): pp.
129-140; Elsevier Science Ltd., New
York, NY., January 2000
ABSTRACT: This
article reviews research about the validity of the Kempe Family Stress
Inventory (KFSI), a 10-item scale that measures risk for parenting difficulties
based upon responses to a thorough psychosocial interview. Research and documentation regarding the assessment
instrument were gathered from journals, book chapters, presentations,
workshops, and intervention evaluation reports. The KFSI has been used to
predict parents' future risk of maltreating their children. The scale covers a
variety of domains, including psychiatric history, criminal and substance abuse
history, childhood history of care, emotional functioning, attitudes towards
and perception of child, discipline of child, and level of stress in the
parent's life. Although construct validity has been demonstrated with the KFSI,
questions remain about its specificity and sensitivity. In addition, there has
been minimal reliability and work done on the measure. It is concluded that the
KFSI may have clinical utility, but should be used as part of a more
comprehensive risk assessment that includes multiple measures. Acceptable
accuracy in predicting child abuse and neglect when used by itself has not been
demonstrated. There is a need for more demonstration of reliability and validity.
Suggestions for future research are noted. 21 references and 2 tables. (Author
abstract)
KEY TERMS: assessment; measures;
parental stress; parental
behavior; validity; adults abused as children; substance abuse; mental health
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Client Evaluation
of a Consultation Team on Crimes Against Children.
AUTHOR: Bross, D. C.; Ballo, N.;
Korfmacher, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Colorado
Univ. School of Medicine, Denver. Dept. of Pediatrics.
SOURCE: 24(1): pp.
71-84; Elsevier Science Ltd., New York,
NY., January 2000
ABSTRACT: Cases
of child abuse filed in court as crimes against children represent a small
percentage of the total number of children maltreated. However, studying child
maltreatment crimes is important to assure that these cases are managed well.
Forensic consultation teams can perform several functions related to child
abuse crimes: provide multidisciplinary expertise in the evaluation of
maltreatment cases; offer a method for allocating resources between cases
managed by the criminal justice and child protection systems; and provide
important research and teaching opportunities. This study reviews the role played
by multidisciplinary team consultations based on the perception of client
professionals whose agencies pay for an outside consulting forensic team.
Professionals referring to a forensic team for consultative assistance were
asked to evaluate the service during telephone interviews, responding to both structured and unstructured questions.
Eighteen responding professionals stated that the team increased their
confidence that the approach being taken to a case was correct (94 percent),
that missing expertise was provided (100 percent), that progress was made in
cases that might otherwise not have been made (55 percent), and that ambiguity
was reduced (in 83 percent of referred cases). Using the team sometimes caused
delays. Some delays were unacceptable administrative delays while others were
considered necessary to assure completeness of the evaluation. The use of the
team did not result in resolution of all the cases referred, but referral to
the team consistently provided closure for referring professionals. In
one-third of the cases studied, if it had not been for the State and Regional
Team (START) consultation, the cases would not have proceeded to an appropriate
criminal or civil resolution. 3 tables and numerous references. (Author
abstract modified)
KEY TERMS: evaluation; multidisciplinary teams; criminal charges; criminal justice system;
child protective services;
consultation; interviews
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Extrafamilial
Sexual Abuse: Treatment for Child Victims and Their Families.
AUTHOR: Grosz, C. A.; Kempe, R. S.; Kelly, M.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Colorado
Univ. School of Medicine, Denver. Dept. of Pediatrics.
SOURCE: 24(1): pp.
9-23; Elsevier Science Ltd., New York,
NY., January 2000
ABSTRACT: This
study was designed to decrease the emotional distress of child victims of
extrafamilial sexual abuse (ESA) and their families. The study provided crisis
intervention, individual and group treatment in response to an expressed need
in the community, and piloted the use of group treatment for child victims of
ESA under age 10. This paper describes interventions with a sample of 246 child
victims, ages 2 to 14 years, and 323 parents who participated in the program
from 1984 to 1991. This pilot program, the Recovery for Children and Parents,
(ReCAP) operated at the Kempe National Center, University of Colorado School of
Medicine, and was located off campus in an outpatient child abuse center.
Priority was given to child victims under age 7. Child victims and their
families were evaluated after investigative interviews by law enforcement agencies were completed. A treatment plan was
developed based on clinical assessment. Families participated in crisis
counseling, individual treatment for the child victim and/or parent, children's
treatment groups, parent support groups, or were referred to other resources.
Clinical assessment of treatment progress included weekly case review by child
and parent therapists, video analysis and observation of children's treatment
group sessions, consultation with parents, and collateral contacts. A family
approach and services for parents in addition to intervention for child victims
were determined to be key components in facilitating recovery. Clinical
observations and client feedback showed positive outcomes for child victims and
parents in crisis counseling, children's treatment groups, and parent support
groups. The extent of intervention ranged from 1 session to 24 months with an
average participation of 6 to 9 months. Followup surveys were returned by
parents for 48 child victims and results are reported. Themes, parallels in
responses, and recovery factors for child victims and parents are discussed. The
need for intervention and a community-based program was demonstrated by the
significant disruption in functioning that occurred for child victims of ESA
and their families; the risk for long term sequelae, the high incidence of
extrafamilial sexual abuse, and the consistent, large number of requests for
services. Family-centered crisis services, children's treatment groups, and
parent support groups can be effectively based at child advocacy centers,
outpatient care clinics, or other community agencies. The results of formal
outcome measures and longitudinal studies is needed to determine how child
victims and parents benefit from specific treatment modalities and to better
guide the use of limited resources. 10 tables and numerous references. (Author
abstract modified)
KEY TERMS: sexual
abuse; group therapy; support groups; family therapy;
individual therapy;
colorado; pilot programs; sequelae
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Supervised
Visitation: The Families and Their Experiences.
AUTHOR: Pearson, J.; Thoennes, N.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Family
and Conciliation Courts Review
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Center
for Policy Research, Denver, CO.
SOURCE: 38(1): pp.
123-142; Sage Publications, Thousand
Oaks, CA., January 2000
ABSTRACT: Data
were collected from reviews of 676 case files and interviews with 201 participating parents to provide a profile of
families receiving supervised visitation services, their experiences, and the
outcomes from one of four programs. Findings indicate that the visitation
programs successfully serve a wide variety of families and garner high ratings
of user satisfaction, but half of the families exit without formal closure. Families
that drop out receive fewer court hearings and evaluations for the problems
that brought them into the programs in the first place, suggesting that they
may feel neglected. In most cases that formally exit the program, the
visitation situation improves over time, although interviewed parents give
mixed reports about their visitation situations after they leave the programs.
13 references and 11 tables. (Author abstract)
KEY TERMS: visitation; family services; family characteristics;
outcomes; program
evaluation; model programs; foster care; family reunification
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.sagepub.com/
TITLE: Factors Associated
With Stress Among Grandparents Raising Their Grandchildren.
AUTHOR: Sands, R. G.; Goldberg-Glen, R. S.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Family
Relations
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Pennsylvania
Univ., Philadelphia. School of Social Work.
SOURCE: 49(1): pp.
97-105; National Council on Family
Relations, Minneapolis, MN., January 2000
ABSTRACT: This
cross-sectional study of 129 grandparents raising their grandchildren examined
the extent to which social supports are related to the grandparents' stress
(psychological anxiety). The sample included 129 grandparents consisting of 32
African American and 32 white middle aged grandparents; and 34 African American
and 31 white older grandparents. Trained female interviewers, matched with
interviewees by race, conducted face-to-face interviews with grandparents. Participants were asked sociodemographic
information about themselves and others in their household, to describe the
circumstances surrounding their becoming surrogate parents, to offer health and
life stage information, and to answer questions about supports, stressors, and
satisfactions. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that contextual
factors, stressors related to caretaking, and lack of supports accounted for 35
percent of the variance. Younger grandparents, children with psychological and
physical problems, and low family cohesion were associated with stress.
Implications for clinical and educational intervention are discussed. When
there was a lack of support and resources, there was heightened psychological
anxiety after controlling for background and contextual conditions and
caretaking stressors. 5 tables and numerous references. (Author abstract
modified)
KEY TERMS: anxiety; grandparents; interviews;
psychological stress; family
support systems; support systems; caretakers
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
INTERNET URL: http://www.ncfr.com
TITLE: Posttraumatic
Stress in Children Exposed to Family Violence and Single-Event Trauma.
AUTHOR: McCloskey, L.
A.; Walker, M.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Journal
of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Harvard
Univ., Boston. School of Public Health.
SOURCE: 39(1): pp.
108-115; Lippincott, Williams and
Wilkins, Hagerstown, MD., January 2000
ABSTRACT: This
study examined posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other comorbid forms of
psychopathy in a sample of children exposed to chronic abuse and single-event
trauma. A total of 337 school age children were assessed for exposure to
traumatic events (family violence, violent crime, death or illness of someone
close to child, accidents) and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Children and
mothers received structured diagnostic interviews to
assess child psychopathology. Children from violent households were no more likely
to report an extrafamilial traumatic stressor than children from nonviolent
homes. Among the children reporting a traumatic event, 24.6 percent met the
diagnostic criteria for PTSD. The leading precipitating event for PTSD symptoms
was death or illness of someone close to the child. Family violence, violent
crime, but not accidents also resulted in PTSD. Children with PTSD displayed
comorbidity across different symptom classes, most notably phobias and
separation anxiety. Both type 1 and type 2 trauma can result in PTSD in about
one quarter of children. Children with posttraumatic stress symptoms had many
other forms of comorbid psychopathology, indicating a global and diffuse impact
of trauma on children. 3 tables and numerous references. (Author abstract
modified)
KEY TERMS: trauma; postraumatic stress disorder; psychopathy; school children; family
violence; separation anxiety; interviews
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Enhancing Law
Enforcement Identification and Investigation of Child Maltreatment.
AUTHOR: Portwood, S.
G.; Grady, M. T.; Dutton, S. E.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Missouri
Univ., Kansas City.
SOURCE: 24(2): pp.
195-207; Elsevier Science Ltd, New
York, NY., February 2000
ABSTRACT: Data
from 2 independent studies is presented, representing the investigators'
ongoing work with faculty from a state criminal justice academy to analyze existing
knowledge and skills among veteran law enforcement officers and recruits, as
well as to enhance future training. Through an anonymous questionnaire, the
first of these studies examined officers' perceptions of maltreatment,
including those factors that do and do not influence a determination of whether
a particular act constitutes child maltreatment and assessments of whether
particular acts constitute abuse or neglect. The second study also utilized an
anonymous questionnaire to examine officers' knowledge of the developmental
strengths and limitations of children relative to their ability to provide
accurate information in suspected cases of child maltreatment. As hypothesized,
several gaps both in law enforcement officers' knowledge of certain characteristics
that can serve to denote a case of maltreatment and their knowledge of
fundamental developmental issues and interview
techniques that could assist them in the performance of their professional
duties are identified. Suggestions for enhanced law enforcement training
programs are presented and discussed. 4 tables and numerous references. (Author
abstract modified)
KEY TERMS: investigations; law enforcement; questionnaires;
identification; assessment; professional training
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Child
Characteristics Which Impact Accuracy of Recall and Suggestibility in
Preschoolers: Is Age the Best Predictor?
AUTHOR: Geddie, L.; Fradin, S.;
Beer, J.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: East
Carolina Univ., Greenville, NC. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 24(2): pp.
223-235; Elsevier Science Ltd, New
York, NY., February 2000
ABSTRACT: This
study determined whether individual difference factors of metamemory,
intelligence, and temperament can improve the ability to predict accuracy of
recall and suggestibility in preschoolers. Fifty-six children ranging in age
from 43 months to 83 months were recruited from 13 child care centers in a
rural southwestern town. Children participated in a circus day event conducted
by 2 female undergraduate psychology students dressed as clowns. About 10 days
after the event, children were interviewed regarding their experiences.
Bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses were performed in order
to determine which factors were related and unique contributors to accuracy of
memory and suggestibility. Of principal importance is the finding that child
characteristics such as metamemory ability, intellectual functioning, and
temperament may indeed be helpful in determining a child's capacity to
accurately recall information in an interview,
although for the most part age is the best predictor. Findings also underscore
the importance of considering a child's socioeconomic status and race when
planning and conducting interviews with young children. Possible
explanations for these findings as well as implications for future research and
clinical application are discussed. 2 tables and numerous references. (Author
abstract modified)
KEY TERMS: preschool
children; memory; suggestibility; individual characteristics;
predictor variables; interviews; intelligence
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: Delay in Disclosure
of Childhood Rape: Results From a National Survey.
AUTHOR: Smith, D. W.; Letourneau, E. J.; Saunders, B. E.;
Kilpatrick, D. G. et al.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Abuse and Neglect
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Arkansas
Univ., Fayetteville. Dept. of Psychology.
SOURCE: 24(2): pp.
273-287; Elsevier Science Ltd, New
York, NY., February 2000
ABSTRACT: This
study gathered representative data regarding the length of time women who were
raped before age 18 delayed prior to disclosing such rapes, whom they disclosed
to, and variables that predicted disclosure within 1 month. Data were gathered
from 3,220 wave 2 respondents from the National Women's Study, a nationally
representative telephone survey of women's experiences with trauma and mental
health. Of these, 288 retrospectively reported at least 1 rape prior to their
eighteenth birthday. Details of rape experiences were analyzed to identify
predictors of disclosure within 1 month. Fully 28 percent of child rape victims
reported that they had never told anyone about their child rape prior to the
research interview; 47 percent did not disclose for over 5
years post-rape. Close friends were the most common confidants. Younger age at
the time of rape, family relationship with the perpetrator, and experiencing a
series of rapes were associated with disclosure latencies longer than 1 month;
shorter delays were associated with stranger rapes. Logistic regression
revealed that age at rape and knowing the perpetrator were independently
predictive of delayed disclosure. Delayed disclosure of childhood rape was very
common, and long delays were typical. Few variables were identified that
successfully predicted disclosure behavior, but older age and rape by a
stranger were associated with more rapid disclosure. This suggests that the
likelihood of disclosure in a given case is difficult to estimate, and
predictions based on single variables are unwarranted. 6 tables and numerous
references. (Author abstract modified)
KEY TERMS: national
surveys; rape; disclosure;
predictor variables; adults
abused as children
PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal
Article
TITLE: ANTI-SOCIAL
BEHAVIOR AS A RESULT OF ABUSE: Selected Articles.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
SOURCE: NCCAN Annotated
Bibliographies; 2000
KEY TERMS: kinship
care; drug exposed infants; sequelae;
child placement; outcomes; prevalence;
behavior problems; child welfare
research; longitudinal studies; violence;
symptoms; adolescents; school surveys; ethnicity; urban
environment; risk factors; physical abuse; corporal punishment;
child abuse research;
china; sexual behavior; child behavior; predictor variables;
spouse abuse; child witnesses of
family violence; child
development; research methodology; data collection; measures; sexual
abuse; etiology; sexually abusive children; differential diagnoses; case studies; adolescent; adults abused
as children; attachment behavior; nonmarital violence; aggressive behavior; juvenile delinquency; homicide;
psychological characteristics;
family violence; suicide; antisocial behavior; impulsive behavior; mothers;
posttraumatic stress disorder;
battered women; community
violence; emotional problems; child abuse history; adoption;
foster care; school
children; family relationships; family support systems
PUBLICATION TYPE: Annotated
Bibliography
INTRODUCTION: This
annotated bibliography is a product of the National Clearinghouse
on Child Abuse and Neglect Information. The references have been selected
from thousands of materials available in our database to provide you with
the most up-to-date information related to child victims, witnesses, and
perpetrators of violence.
This bibliography looks at prevention, intervention and treatment issues
in relation to the impacts of violence on children. It is presented in
three sections: children as victims of violence, children as witnesses of
violence, and children and adolescents as perpetrators of violence.
Although many references cover more than one subject area, each citation
is listed only once in this bibliography, primarily under its major
subject heading.
All documents in this bibliography are contained in the Clearinghouse
library and are referenced following the format of the American
Psychological Association (APA). Authors, titles, publication dates and
publishers are provided within this format for each reference. We are
not, however, able to provide photocopies of all materials due to
copyright restrictions. Copies of publications that are not copyrighted,
such as Government publications, grant reports, or unpublished papers,
are available from the Clearinghouse for a reproduction fee of $0.10 per
page. Journal articles and chapters in books are copyrighted and may be
found at research or university libraries.
Information Specialists can answer questions about copyright status and
ordering information, as well as guide you in selecting materials from
this bibliography or suggest other materials that may be useful to you.
In addition, Specialists are available to conduct customized searches
of Clearinghouse databases for a base fee of $5.00 plus $.20 per record.
For more information, please contact
National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information
330 C St., SW
Washington, DC 20447
Tel.: (800)394-3366 or 703-385-7565
Fax: 703-385-3206
E-mail: nccanch@calib.com
INTERNET URL: http://www.calib.com/nccanch
TITLE: CHILD WELFARE
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING: Selected Articles.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
SOURCE: NCCAN Annotated
Bibliographies; 2000
KEY TERMS: kinship
care; professional training; child welfare workers; curricula;
competency based training;
assessment; intervention
strategies; service delivery; social workers; social workers role;
personnel needs; child
protective services; child welfare
services; personnel management; competency;
children with disabilities;
developmental disabilities;
foster care; foster parents
training; program models; interagency collaboration; evaluation methods; validity;
testing; outcomes; longitudinal studies; program evaluation; family preservation; cultural competency; schools of social work; resource materials; child welfare research; risk factors; prevention; child welfare
research; child welfare agencies; substance abuse; multidisciplinary teams;
child welfare reform;
pennsylvania; interdisciplinary
approach; new york; social workers attitudes; caseload;
staff development; florida; investigations; supervisors; foster care
workers; california; measures
PUBLICATION TYPE: Annotated
Bibliography
INTRODUCTION: This
annotated bibliography is a product of the National Clearinghouse
on Child Abuse and Neglect Information. The references have been selected
from thousands of materials available in our database to provide you with
the most up-to-date information related to child victims, witnesses, and
perpetrators of violence.
This bibliography looks at prevention, intervention and treatment issues
in relation to the impacts of violence on children. It is presented in
three sections: children as victims of violence, children as witnesses of
violence, and children and adolescents as perpetrators of violence.
Although many references cover more than one subject area, each citation
is listed only once in this bibliography, primarily under its major
subject heading.
All documents in this bibliography are contained in the Clearinghouse
library and are referenced following the format of the American
Psychological Association (APA). Authors, titles, publication dates and
publishers are provided within this format for each reference. We are
not, however, able to provide photocopies of all materials due to
copyright restrictions. Copies of publications that are not copyrighted,
such as Government publications, grant reports, or unpublished papers,
are available from the Clearinghouse for a reproduction fee of $0.10 per
page. Journal articles and chapters in books are copyrighted and may be
found at research or university libraries.
Information Specialists can answer questions about copyright status and
ordering information, as well as guide you in selecting materials from
this bibliography or suggest other materials that may be useful to you.
In addition, Specialists are available to conduct customized searches
of Clearinghouse databases for a base fee of $5.00 plus $.20 per record.
For more information, please contact
National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information
330 C St., SW
Washington, DC 20447
Tel.: (800)394-3366 or 703-385-7565
Fax: 703-385-3206
E-mail: nccanch@calib.com
INTERNET URL: http://www.calib.com/nccanch
TITLE: OUT OF HOME CARE:
RESIDENTIAL CARE AND GROUP HOMES: Selected Articles.
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
SOURCE: NCCAN Annotated
Bibliographies; 2000
KEY TERMS: orphanages; orphans;
social policies; policy
formation; child welfare reform; family preservation; outcomes;
adoption; funding; child welfare services; institutional abuse and neglect; foster care drift; judicial role; permanency
planning; florida; historical perspective; deinstitutionalization; model programs; program descriptions;
program development; residential
care institutions; welfare reform; political factors; private sector;
poverty; therapeutic
effectiveness; child placement; economic disadvantage; attitudes;
child development; research
reviews; psychological characteristics; research methodology; maternal deprivation; foster care; incidence; statistical
data; predictor variables; social workers attitudes; public opinion; government role;
discipline; state statutory
law; federal statutory law; vocational training; state laws;
licensing; standards; state surveys; personnel; treatment
programs; program models; federal aid; grants; religious
organizations; family characteristics; family life; program costs; cost
effectiveness; costs; operating expenses; program planning; federal laws;
sequelae; residential care; michigan;
child welfare research; managed
care; residential treatment; program administration; out of home care; foster children; direct
service providers; emotionally
disturbed children; behavior
modification; therapeutic
intervention; intervention
strategies; service delivery; program evaluation; family programs; shared family care;
adolescent sex offenders; sex
offenders therapy; hispanics; american indians; african americans;
models; parenting; group dynamics; control; interviews; adolescents; focus groups; family therapy;
canada; cultural conflicts; residential schools; environmental stress; trauma;
counselors; disclosure; mental health services; social services; mental disorders;
institutions
PUBLICATION TYPE: Annotated
Bibliography
INTRODUCTION: This
annotated bibliography is a product of the National Clearinghouse
on Child Abuse and Neglect Information. The references have been selected
from thousands of materials available in our database to provide you with
the most up-to-date information related to child victims, witnesses, and
perpetrators of violence.
This bibliography looks at prevention, intervention and treatment issues
in relation to the impacts of violence on children. It is presented in
three sections: children as victims of violence, children as witnesses of
violence, and children and adolescents as perpetrators of violence.
Although many references cover more than one subject area, each citation
is listed only once in this bibliography, primarily under its major
subject heading.
All documents in this bibliography are contained in the Clearinghouse
library and are referenced following the format of the American
Psychological Association (APA). Authors, titles, publication dates and
publishers are provided within this format for each reference. We are
not, however, able to provide photocopies of all materials due to
copyright restrictions. Copies of publications that are not copyrighted,
such as Government publications, grant reports, or unpublished papers,
are available from the Clearinghouse for a reproduction fee of $0.10 per
page. Journal articles and chapters in books are copyrighted and may be
found at research or university libraries.
Information Specialists can answer questions about copyright status and
ordering information, as well as guide you in selecting materials from
this bibliography or suggest other materials that may be useful to you.
In addition, Specialists are available to conduct customized searches
of Clearinghouse databases for a base fee of $5.00 plus $.20 per record.
For more information, please contact
National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information
330 C St., SW
Washington, DC 20447
Tel.: (800)394-3366 or 703-385-7565
Fax: 703-385-3206
E-mail: nccanch@calib.com
INTERNET URL: http://www.calib.com/nccanch
TITLE: Legislation
Mandating Autopsies in Child Death Cases (Current through December 31, 1999):
Florida.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Investigations
Number 13
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510,
Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Mandatory
Autopsies and Child Death Review Teams
KEY TERMS: Statute; Florida;
Abuse; adolescent; assessment;
Autopsies; Child; Child Abuse; child abuse or neglect; Child
Death Cases; Children; circumstances; Commission; critical; Department;
Failure; Family; health care; Information; Law
Enforcement; Legislation; Mandating Autopsies; neglect;
practitioner; professional; Secretary;
services; sibling; subdivision
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Requiring or Authorizing Joint Investigations and Cooperation Between Law
Enforcement and Child Protection Agencies in Child Abuse Cases (Current through
December 31, 1999): Florida.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Investigations
Number 14
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW, Washington, DC, 20447,
(703) 385-7565 Outside Metropolitan
Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER
FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal
Center Plaza, Suite 510, Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Authorization
for Joint Investigations
KEY TERMS: Statute; Florida;
abandonment; Abuse; Child;
Child Abuse; Child Abuse
Cases; Child Protection Agencies; circumstances; conduct;
Cooperation; Criminal; Department;
face-to-face; Investigation; Joint Investigation; jurisdiction; Law Enforcement;
Legislation; neglect; offense
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Requiring or Authorizing Joint Investigations and Cooperation Between Law Enforcement
and Child Protection Agencies in Child Abuse Cases (Current through December
31, 1999): Minnesota.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Investigations
Number 14
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565 Outside
Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366;
NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510, Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703)
739-0321
SOURCE: In: Authorization
for Joint Investigations
KEY TERMS: Statute; Minnesota;
Abuse; assessment; Child;
Child Abuse; Child Abuse
Cases; Child Protection Agencies; Cooperation; Investigation; Joint
Investigation; Law Enforcement; Legislation; neglect; treatment
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Requiring or Authorizing Joint Investigations and Cooperation Between Law
Enforcement and Child Protection Agencies in Child Abuse Cases (Current through
December 31, 1999): Pennsylvania.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Investigations
Number 14
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510,
Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Authorization
for Joint Investigations
KEY TERMS: Statute; Pennsylvania; Abuse; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse Cases; Child
Protection Agencies; Cooperation; county agency; health care;
Investigation; Joint
Investigation; Law Enforcement; Legislation; services; trauma
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Mandating or Authorizing the Creation of Multidisciplinary/Multi-Agency Child
Protection Teams (Current through December 31, 1999): Oklahoma.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Investigations
Number 15
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510,
Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Authorization
for Multidisciplinary Team
KEY TERMS: Statute; Oklahoma;
Abuse; Agency; Child;
Child Abuse; Creation; Department;
Director; Human Services; jeopardy;
Legislation; Multi-Agency; Multidisciplinary/Multi-Agency; neglect;
professional; services; treatment
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Involuntary Civil
Commitment of Sexually Violent Predators (Current through December 31, 1999):
Missouri.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Investigations
Number 19
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510,
Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Involuntary
Civil Commitment of Sexually Violent Predators
KEY TERMS: Statute; Missouri;
assessment; Civil
Commitment; conduct; evaluation;
Mental abnormality;
offense; relationship; Sexually Violent Predators; treatment
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Regarding the Admissibility Of Videotaped Interviews/Statements In Criminal Child Abuse Proceedings (Current through
December 31, 1999): Iowa.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Witnesses Number 22
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW, Washington, DC, 20447,
(703) 385-7565 Outside Metropolitan
Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER
FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal
Center Plaza, Suite 510, Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Admissibility
of Videotaped Interviews or Statements
KEY TERMS: Statute; Iowa;
Abuse; Admissibility; Child;
Child Abuse; Criminal Child
Abuse; Criminal; Legislation; Proceedings;
Statement; Videotaped Interviews
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Regarding the Admissibility Of Videotaped Interviews/Statements In Criminal Child Abuse Proceedings (Current through
December 31, 1999): Louisiana.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Witnesses Number 22
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510, Alexandria,
VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Admissibility
of Videotaped Interviews or Statements
KEY TERMS: Statute; Louisiana;
Abuse; Admissibility; Child;
Child Abuse; child's
testimony; Children; conduct;
Criminal Child Abuse; Criminal; defendant;
Department; Legislation; Proceedings; Statement; Videotaped Interviews
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Regarding the Admissibility Of Videotaped Interviews/Statements In Criminal Child Abuse Proceedings (Current through
December 31, 1999): Minnesota.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Witnesses Number 22
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510,
Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Admissibility
of Videotaped Interviews or Statements
KEY TERMS: Statute; Minnesota;
Abuse; Admissibility; Child;
Child Abuse; circumstances; Criminal Child Abuse; Criminal;
Legislation; penetration; Proceedings; relationship;
Statement; Videotaped Interviews
PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes
INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org
TITLE: Legislation
Regarding the Appointment of a Guardian Ad Litem in Criminal Child Abuse Cases
(Current through December 31, 1999): Florida.
INST. AUTHOR: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES;
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD
ABUSE
PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000
JOURNAL TITLE: Child
Witnesses Number 26
AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
INFORMATION 330 C Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565
Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510, Alexandria,
VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321
SOURCE: In: Authorization
for Special Support Persons in Criminal Child Abuse Proceedings
KEY TERMS: Statute; Florida; abandonment; Abuse; advocate; Appointment;