Child Abuse, Child Welfare & Adoption Database - 1965

TITLE: Managed Care and Child Welfare: Challenges to Implementation.

AUTHOR: Embry, R. A.; Buddenhagen, P.; Bolles, S.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Children and Youth Services Review

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: California Univ., Berkeley. School of Social Welfare.

SOURCE: 22(2): pp. 93-116; Elsevier Science Ltd., New York, NY., February 2000; p. 158

ABSTRACT: This article reviews the managed care evaluation literature and information gathered from child welfare administrators in California to illustrate that there is little empirical support for the wholesale adoption of managed care principles to child welfare. Numerous reasons for concern including a lack of understanding of the essential features of managed care by public sector administrators, limited child welfare risk assessment capabilities, and the coercive nature of child welfare services are highlighted. a more incremental approach to evaluating the promise of managed care principles in child welfare settings is urged. Essential policy and administrative issues are identified for further debate. 45 references and 1 figure. (Author abstract)

KEY TERMS: managed care; child welfare services; program administration; program development; program evaluation; policy formation; california; state programs

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

TITLE: Relations Between Coercive Strategies and MMPI-2 Scale Elevations Among Women Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse.

AUTHOR: Lucenko, B. A.; Gold, S. N.; Elhai, J. D.; Russo, S. A.; Swingle, J. M.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Journal of Traumatic Stress

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Nova Southeastern Univ., Fort Lauderdale, FL.

SOURCE: 13(1): pp. 169-177; Kluwer Academic-Plenum Publishers, Dordrecht (The Netherlands)., January 2000; p. 379

ABSTRACT: The relationship between coercion strategies used by perpetrators of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and elevations of CSA survivors on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) was investigated in this study. Participants+; were 151 women survivors of CSA in outpatient treatment at a university-based community mental health center. Scores on the MMPI-2 clinical scales and the Keane posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scale were examined. Main effects were found for +; promised or received rewards on several clinical scales and the PTSD scale of the MMPI-2, independent of the use of force. Specifically, the presence of such rewards was associated with significantly higher levels of symptomatology on Paranoia (Pa), +; Psychasthenia (Pt), Schizophrenia (Sc), and PTSD (Pk). There were no main or interaction effects noted for the presence of actual or threatened force on any of the scales. 18 references, 1 figure, and 2 tables. (Author abstract)

KEY TERMS: adults abused as children; sexual abuse; female victims; characteristics of abuser; personality disorders; personality patterns; sequelae; child abuse research

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.wkap.nl

TITLE: Prediction of Recidivism in Extrafamilial Child Molesters Based on Court-Related Assessments.

AUTHOR: Firestone, P.; Bradford, J. M.; McCoy, M.; Greenberg, D. M.; et al.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Ottawa Univ., ON (Canada). School of Psychology.

SOURCE: 12(3): pp. 203-221; Kluwer Academic-Plenum Publishers, Dordrecht (The Netherlands)., 2000; p. 435

ABSTRACT: One hundred ninety-two convicted extrafamilial child molesters were followed for an average of 7.8 years after their conviction. The percentage of men who had committed a sexual, a violent, or any criminal offense by the 12th year was 15.1, 20.3, and 41.6, respectively. The sexual recidivists, compared with the nonrecidivists, demonstrated more problems with alcohol and showed greater sexual arousal to assaultive stimuli involving children than to mutually consenting stimuli with children. The violent recidivists, compared with the nonrecidivists, were more likely to have a history of violence in the families in which they were raised and were rated significantly more psychopathic on the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R). They also showed more sexual arousal to stimuli depicting mutually consenting sexual interactions with children than to adult stimuli. In terms of any criminal recidivism, recidivists were younger, had completed fewer years of school, and were raised in psychologically more harmful family environments compared with nonrecidivists. They also reported that, before 16 years of age, they were more likely to have been physically abused and were more likely to have been removed from their homes compared to those that did not recidivate. In addition, recidivists demonstrated more general hostility on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory and were rated significantly more psychopathic on the PCL-R. The phallometric assessments revealed that the criminal recidivists, compared to the nonrecidivists, showed more sexual arousal to stimuli depicting coercive sexual activity with children than consenting sexual activities with children. In addition, they showed more sexual arousal to scenes depicting adult rape than adult mutually consenting sex. Finally, the recidivists also had more charges or convictions for violence and any criminal acts. The small number of significant differences between recidivists and nonrecidivists in the sexual and violent categories precluded an attempt to determine which combination of factors meaningfully predicted reoffending. However, for criminal recidivism, a stepwise discriminant function analysis to assess the combination of factors that most successfully distinguished between groups in terms of criminal recidivism was significant, with subjects' age, total number of criminal convictions, and pedophile assault index

KEY TERMS: predictor variables; recidivism; sex offenders; risk factors; assessment; characteristics of abuser; child abuse research; psychopathology being retained for optimal prediction. The procedures correctly classified 70.6 percent ofthe original group, 82.8 percent of the nonrecidivists, and 52.6 percent of the recidivists. PCL-R Total Score alone was equally successful in a similar discriminant function. 61 references, 1 figure, and 3 tables. (Author abstract)

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.wkap.nl

TITLE: Developmental Antecedents of Sexual Coercion in Juvenile Sexual Offenders.

AUTHOR: Johnson, G. M.; Knight, R. A.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Brandeis Univ., Waltham, MA. Dept. of Psychology.

SOURCE: 12(3): pp. 165-178; Kluwer Academic-Plenum Publishers, Dordrecht (The Netherlands)., 2000; p. 441

ABSTRACT: Previous research has linked adult sex offending behavior to a multiplicity of variables, including juvenile delinquency and the experience of childhood abuse. The purpose of this study was to explore developmental pathways among childhood abuse, juvenile delinquency, and personality dimensions possibly conducive to adolescent sexual coercion. Using a retrospective self-report inventory, the extent to which juvenile sexual offenders experienced childhood trauma, engaged in adolescent delinquency, and exhibited particular dispositions and cognitive biases was measured. The effects of childhood and adolescent antecedents on sexual coerciveness were then analyzed through simultaneous multiple regression path analyses. Resultssuggest that sexual compulsivity and hypermasculinity, through misogynistic fantasy behavior, significantly discriminate verbally and physically coercive juvenile offenders from those offenders who do not report using force in their offenses. Results also suggest that alcohol abuse may play a more salient role in the expression of coercive juvenile sexual coercion than previously hypothesized. 30 references, 2 figures, and 2 tables. (Author abstract)

KEY TERMS: adolescent sex offenders; sex offenses; predictor variables; child development; child abuse history; juvenile delinquency; alcohol abuse; psychological characteristics

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.wkap.nl

TITLE: Development of the Stay Safe Programme.

AUTHOR: MacIntyre, D.; Carr, A.; Lawlor, M.; Flattery, M.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Child Abuse Review

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Eastern Health Board and Child Abuse Prevention Programme.

SOURCE: 9(3): pp. 200-216; John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY., 2000; p. 810

ABSTRACT: The development and implementation of the Stay Safe program, a comprehensive sexual abuse prevention program implemented in a majority of primary schools in the Republic of Ireland since 1991, is reviewed in this article. The program ismulti-systemic in that it includes modules for teachers, parents, and children; it also involves liaison with local child protection and child health professionals as an integral part of implementation. The program employs multimedia-based instruction to facilitate multimodal learning. The broad curriculum covers topics such as bullying and child abuse as two related forms of victimization. Disclosure training, assertiveness training, and coercion management training are included in the curriculum, which also focuses on enhancing self-esteem and promoting peer support. Teachers were trained first, followed by parents, then children. A controlled evaluation of the program, involving 772 children, 374 parents, and 28 teachers showed that it led to significant gains in knowledge and skills for children, teachers, and parents, and that for children, these gains were maintained at 3 months follow-up. Three tables, 29 references. (Author abstract modified)

KEY TERMS: child abuse; prevention programs; ireland; curricula; professionals role; victimization; self esteem; peer relationships

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.wiley.com

TITLE: Childhood Sexual Abuse and Dating Experiences of Undergraduate Women.

AUTHOR: Banyard, V. L.; Arnold, S.; Smith, J.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Child Maltreatment

SOURCE: 5(1): pp. 39-48; Sage Publications, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA., February 2000

ABSTRACT: This study examined the relationship between the experience of childhood sexual abuse and later victimization of psychological aggression, physical violence, or sexual coercion in a dating relationship. Participants were 219 female college undergraduates. Child sexual abuse was significantly related to having experienced both physical and psychological dating aggression even after controlling for the presence of conflict in the family of origin. Child sexual abuse was not significantly related to sexual coercion or reports of silencing oneself in relationships. 39 references and 2 tables. (Author abstract)

KEY TERMS: adults abused as children; sexual abuse; sequelae; interpersonal relationships; nonmarital violence; battering; sexual assault; child abuse research

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.sagepub.com/

TITLE: ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AS A RESULT OF ABUSE: Selected Articles.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

SOURCE: NCCAN Annotated Bibliographies; 2000

KEY TERMS: kinship care; drug exposed infants; sequelae; child placement; outcomes; prevalence; behavior problems; child welfare research; longitudinal studies; violence; symptoms; adolescents; school surveys; ethnicity; urban environment; risk factors; physical abuse; corporal punishment; child abuse research; china; sexual behavior; child behavior; predictor variables; spouse abuse; child witnesses of family violence; child development; research methodology; data collection; measures; sexual abuse; etiology; sexually abusive children; differential diagnoses; case studies; adolescent; adults abused as children; attachment behavior; nonmarital violence; aggressive behavior; juvenile delinquency; homicide; psychological characteristics; family violence; suicide; antisocial behavior; impulsive behavior; mothers; posttraumatic stress disorder; battered women; community violence; emotional problems; child abuse history; adoption; foster care; school children; family relationships; family support systems

PUBLICATION TYPE: Annotated Bibliography

INTRODUCTION:    This annotated bibliography is a product of the National Clearinghouse
on Child Abuse and Neglect Information. The references have been selected
from thousands of materials available in our database to provide you with
the most up-to-date information related to child victims, witnesses, and
perpetrators of violence.

This bibliography looks at prevention, intervention and treatment issues
in relation to the impacts of violence on children. It is presented in
three sections: children as victims of violence, children as witnesses of
violence, and children and adolescents as perpetrators of violence.
Although many references cover more than one subject area, each citation
is listed only once in this bibliography, primarily under its major
subject heading.

All documents in this bibliography are contained in the Clearinghouse
library and are referenced following the format of the American
Psychological Association (APA). Authors, titles, publication dates and
publishers are provided within this format for each reference. We are
not, however, able to provide photocopies of all materials due to
copyright restrictions. Copies of publications that are not copyrighted,
such as Government publications, grant reports, or unpublished papers,
are available from the Clearinghouse for a reproduction fee of $0.10 per
page. Journal articles and chapters in books are copyrighted and may be
found at research or university libraries.

Information Specialists can answer questions about copyright status and
ordering information, as well as guide you in selecting materials from
this bibliography or suggest other materials that may be useful to you.
In addition, Specialists are available to conduct customized searches
of Clearinghouse databases for a base fee of $5.00 plus $.20 per record.

For more information, please contact

National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information
330 C St., SW
Washington, DC 20447
Tel.: (800)394-3366 or 703-385-7565
Fax:   703-385-3206
E-mail:   nccanch@calib.com

INTERNET URL: http://www.calib.com/nccanch

TITLE: OUT OF HOME CARE: RESIDENTIAL CARE AND GROUP HOMES: Selected Articles.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

SOURCE: NCCAN Annotated Bibliographies; 2000

KEY TERMS: orphanages; orphans; social policies; policy formation; child welfare reform; family preservation; outcomes; adoption; funding; child welfare services; institutional abuse and neglect; foster care drift; judicial role; permanency planning; florida; historical perspective; deinstitutionalization; model programs; program descriptions; program development; residential care institutions; welfare reform; political factors; private sector; poverty; therapeutic effectiveness; child placement; economic disadvantage; attitudes; child development; research reviews; psychological characteristics; research methodology; maternal deprivation; foster care; incidence; statistical data; predictor variables; social workers attitudes; public opinion; government role; discipline; state statutory law; federal statutory law; vocational training; state laws; licensing; standards; state surveys; personnel; treatment programs; program models; federal aid; grants; religious organizations; family characteristics; family life; program costs; cost effectiveness; costs; operating expenses; program planning; federal laws; sequelae; residential care; michigan; child welfare research; managed care; residential treatment; program administration; out of home care; foster children; direct service providers; emotionally disturbed children; behavior modification; therapeutic intervention; intervention strategies; service delivery; program evaluation; family programs; shared family care; adolescent sex offenders; sex offenders therapy; hispanics; american indians; african americans; models; parenting; group dynamics; control; interviews; adolescents; focus groups; family therapy; canada; cultural conflicts; residential schools; environmental stress; trauma; counselors; disclosure; mental health services; social services; mental disorders; institutions

PUBLICATION TYPE: Annotated Bibliography

INTERNET URL: http://www.calib.com/nccanch

TITLE: Child Abuse Crimes: Child Pornography (Current through December 31, 1999): Louisiana.

INST. AUTHOR: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Crimes Number 30

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children's Bureau; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION, 330 C Street, SW, Washington, DC, 20447, (703) 385-7565, Outside Metropolitan Area: (800) FYI-3366; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE, 99 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 510, Alexandria, VA, 22314, (703) 739-0321

SOURCE: In: Child Pornography

KEY TERMS: Statute; Louisiana; Abuse; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse Crimes; Child Pornography; conduct; juvenile; sexual conduct; solicit; solicitation

PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes

INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org

TITLE: Child Abuse Crimes: Sexual Offenses (Current through December 31, 1999): Minnesota.

INST. AUTHOR: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT INFORMATION; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PROSECUTION OF CHILD ABUSE

PUBLICATION YEAR: 2000

JOURNAL TITLE: Crimes Number 35

SOURCE: In: Sexual Offenses

KEY TERMS: Statute; Minnesota; Abuse; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse Crimes; circumstances; conduct; penetration; relationship; sexual conduct

PUBLICATION TYPE: Statutes

INTERNET URL: http://www.ndaa-apri.org

TITLE: Questioning Children Who May Have Been Sexually Abused: An Integration of Research Into

AUTHOR: Faller, K. C.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 1999

JOURNAL TITLE: Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor. School of Social Work.

SOURCE: 2(2): pp. 37-59; Haworth Press, Inc., Binghamton, NY., 1999; p. 320

ABSTRACT: This article derives from an Open Forum on Leading Questions sponsored by the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children. It represents the thoughts of participants in the Open Forum, and the article attempts to integrate analogue research that relates to questioning children about past events into questioning practice with children who may have been sexually abused. It proposes a continuum of questions that includes four categories: most preferred; preferred; less preferred; and least preferred. General and invitational questions are most preferred, while presumptive questions and use of coercion are least preferred methods of interviewing. 37 references and 1 table. (Author abstract modified)

KEY TERMS: interviews; sexual abuse; child abuse research; leading questions; assessment; child witnesses; suggestibility; best practices

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.haworthpressinc.com

TITLE: Sequential Analyses in Coercive Mother-Child Interaction: The Predictability Hypothesis in Abusive Versus Nonabusive Dyads.

AUTHOR: Cerezo, M. A.; D'Ocon, A.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 1999

JOURNAL TITLE: Child Abuse and Neglect

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Valencia Univ. (Spain). Dept. of Basic Psychology.

SOURCE: 23(2): pp. 99-113; New York, NY, Elsevier Science, February 1999

ABSTRACT: This study tested the sequential relationship between the child's aversive behavior and both the predictability and the compliance episodes, as well as the sequential relationship between these two mothering episodes proposed by the new predictability hypothesis (Wahler, Williams, and Cerezo, 1990). The compliance hypothesis explains that instructional behaviors by the mother precipitate oppositional and aversive behavior by the child, which the mother avoids by conceding to the child. The predictability hypotheses attributes a child's deviant behavior to the mother's erratic behavior as a way of achieving a predictable response from the mother. The new predictability hypothesis proposed by Wahler, et al suggests that inconsistent behavior by the mother to enforce her demand leads to a pattern of interpersonal conflict between the mother and child. The study also explored whether or not these patterns are specific to dysfunctional dyads by using a nonabusive comparison group. Fifty mother child dyads, including 25 abusive and 25 nonabusive pairs, participated in the study. Lag sequential analyses were carried out on 302 hours of direct observation, 178 on the abusive group, and 124 in the nonabusive group. Results of the sequential analyses showed that the predictions derived from the compliance and predictability hypotheses were supported in both groups. The only difference between the groups lies in the new predictability hypothesis, so the two mothering reactions are not sequentially related in the nonabusive group. 35 references, 4 figures and 5 tables. (Author abstract modified)

KEY TERMS: predictor variables; mother child relationships; interpersonal relationships; etiology; child behavior; behavior problems; discipline; sequelae

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

TITLE: Pathways in the Offending Process of Extrafamilial Sexual Child Molesters.

AUTHOR: Proulx, J.; Perreault, C.; Ouimet, M.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 1999

JOURNAL TITLE: Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Montreal Univ., Quebec (Canada). School of Criminology.

SOURCE: 11(2): pp. 117-129; New York, NY, Kluwer Academic-Plenum Publishers, April 1999

ABSTRACT: This study investigated specific pathways in the offending process of extrafamilial sexual child molesters. Forty-four Canadian men who had committed at least one sexual offense against a nonfamilial prepubescent child were included in this study and were classified using cluster analysis. Thirty subjects using the coercive pathway had generally used psychoactive substances before their offenses. Furthermore, they had sexually abused a female victim without perceived vulnerability and whom they had already known. These offenders had not planned their offense, which was of short duration (less than 15 minutes), and involved coital activities and coercion (verbal and/or physical). Fourteen subjects using the noncoercive pathway had generally used pornography and deviant sexual fantasies before their offenses. Moreover, they had molested a male victim, in whom they perceived a psychosocial vulnerability and who was not familiar to them. These molesters had planned their offense, which was of longer duration (more than 15 minutes) and involved noncoital activities without coercion. These 2 pathways were compared. 6 tables and numerous references. (Author abstract modified)

KEY TERMS: sex offenders; sexual abuse; male victims; female victims; pornography; canada

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article

INTERNET URL: http://www.wkap.com

TITLE: Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Abuse Characteristics and Dissociation Among Women in Therapy.

AUTHOR: Gold, S. N.; Hill, E. L.; Swingle, J. M.; Elfant, A. S.

PUBLICATION YEAR: 1999

JOURNAL TITLE: Journal of Family Violence

AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Nova Southeastern Univ., Fort Lauderdale, FL. Center for Psychological Studies.

SOURCE: 14(2): pp. 157-171; New York, NY, Kluwer Academic-Plenum Publishers, June 1999

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the relationship between 10 characteristics of childhood sexual abuse and dissociation in adulthood. A structural clinical interview, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, and the Dissociation Subscale of the Symptoms Checklist 90-Revised were administered to 118 women survivors seeking psychotherapy. Separate stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted for each dissociation scale to determine which abuse characteristics were predictive of dissociation. In both analyses, the same 4 variables were significantly related to dissociation: age at onset, coercive sexual acts, objectifying sexual acts, and concurrent multiple perpetrators. Implications of findings for future research and clinical practice are explored. Sexual abuse characteristics that have been examined thus far do not account for the majority of variance in dissociative symptomatology in adulthood. Studies of childhood sexual abuse that draw conclusions about severity based on typical abuse characteristics such as duration, age at onset, frequency, and the presence or absence of penetration, are limited. The authors recommend that the findings of this study be replicated with other populations and that the relationship of other variables to dissociation besides childhood sexual abuse characteristics be explored. 7 tables and numerous references. (Author abstract modified)

KEY TERMS: sexual abuse; dissociation; adults abused as children; psychotherapy; interviews; characteristics of abused; guidelines

PUBLICATION TYPE: Journal Article